Chen Weiguo, Qu Hao, Li Chunyu, Luo Chenglong, Wang Jie, Yang Chunfen, Shu Dingming
Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Biochem Genet. 2014 Dec;52(11-12):524-37. doi: 10.1007/s10528-014-9664-7. Epub 2014 Jul 10.
Avian leukosis virus subgroup E (ALVE) is a family of endogenous retroviruses in the chicken genome. To investigate the genetic consequences of chicken domestication, we analyzed 18 ALVE loci in red jungle fowls, layers, broilers, and Chinese indigenous chickens. None of the ALVE loci tested were found in red jungle fowls, but 12 were present in domestic chickens. ALVE1 and ALVE16 are found in regions of the genome that harbor quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting egg production traits. ALVE1 was fixed and ALVE16 was detected only in layers. By contrast, ALVE-b1, ALVE-b5, ALVE-b6, and ALVE-b8 integrated into regions of the genome that harbor QTL affecting meat production traits. Carrier frequencies of these four ALVE loci were high in broilers and low in Chinese local chickens; the loci were not found in the layers. This study demonstrated that insertionally polymorphic ALVE loci can illustrate the selective footprints in the chicken genome.
禽白血病病毒E亚群（ALVE）是鸡基因组中的一类内源性逆转录病毒。为了研究鸡驯化的遗传后果，我们分析了红原鸡、蛋鸡、肉鸡和中国地方鸡种中的18个ALVE基因座。在所检测的ALVE基因座中，红原鸡未发现任何一个，但家鸡中有12个。ALVE1和ALVE16位于基因组中含有影响产蛋性状数量性状基因座（QTL）的区域。ALVE1固定存在，且仅在蛋鸡中检测到ALVE16。相比之下，ALVE-b1、ALVE-b5、ALVE-b6和ALVE-b8整合到基因组中含有影响肉用生产性状QTL的区域。这四个ALVE基因座的携带频率在肉鸡中较高，在中国地方鸡种中较低；在蛋鸡中未发现这些基因座。本研究表明，插入多态性ALVE基因座可揭示鸡基因组中的选择印记。
