Mayr A
Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektions- und Seuchenmedizin, Tierärztliche Fakultät, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München.
Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg B Umwelthyg Krankenhaushyg Arbeitshyg Prav Med. 1989 Apr;187(4-6):508-26.
An overview of the most important infections which can be transmitted from humans to pet dogs and cats is presented. Two quite different sources of infection stand diametrically opposite each other: 1. The transmission of active human infections to dogs and cats and 2. the transmission of infectious agents by feeding raw meat, offal, unsterilized milk products, kitchen scraps and contaminated feedstuffs. Humans can be the source of the following infections: 1. Zoonoses with reciprocal modes of transmission, e.g. Campylobacter and E. coli infections, trichophyton and microsporum infections, reo-, parainfluenza-, adeno, rota- and corona infections. 2. Zoonoses in which the main direction of infection is human----animal, e.g. tuberculosis and influenza A. 3. Infections originally pathogenic to humans which meet an impasse in dogs and cats (blind alley hosts), e.g. herpes simplex, varicella-zoster, measles and Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Listeria, salmonella, campylobacteria, toxoplasma, fungi, yeasts and viruses are transmitted via feed. The most dangerous virus infection to be transmitted to cats and dogs via raw pork leftovers is Aujeszky's disease. The dog or cat, which is the last link in the infection chain, suffers an agonizing death. The other infections originating from feed must be assessed quite differently. They are links in infection chains, which spread pathogens and endanger the health of man and animal in turn. A typical example is toxoplasmosis. Man becomes infected via sporulated oocysts from feces. Pet cats mainly become infected via raw pork containing cysts.
本文概述了可从人类传播给宠物狗和猫的最重要感染。两种截然不同的感染源截然相反：1. 人类活动性感染向狗和猫的传播；2. 通过喂食生肉、内脏、未消毒的奶制品、厨余垃圾和受污染的饲料传播病原体。人类可能是以下感染的源头：1. 具有相互传播模式的人畜共患病，如弯曲杆菌和大肠杆菌感染、毛癣菌和小孢子菌感染、呼肠孤病毒、副流感病毒、腺病毒、轮状病毒和冠状病毒感染。2. 主要感染方向为人→动物的人畜共患病，如结核病和甲型流感。3. 原本对人类致病但在狗和猫中陷入困境（终末宿主）的感染，如单纯疱疹、水痘 - 带状疱疹、麻疹和白喉棒状杆菌。李斯特菌、沙门氏菌、弯曲杆菌、弓形虫、真菌、酵母和病毒通过饲料传播。通过生猪肉剩饭传播给猫和狗的最危险病毒感染是奥耶斯基氏病。处于感染链最后一环的狗或猫会痛苦地死亡。源自饲料的其他感染情况则大不相同。它们是感染链中的环节，会传播病原体，进而危及人类和动物的健康。一个典型例子是弓形虫病。人类通过粪便中的孢子化卵囊感染。宠物猫主要通过含有包囊的生猪肉感染。
