Collignan Bernard, Powaga Emilie
CSTB Health and Comfort Department, 24, rue Joseph Fourier, F-38400 Saint-Martin d'Hères, France.
CSTB Health and Comfort Department, 24, rue Joseph Fourier, F-38400 Saint-Martin d'Hères, France.
J Environ Radioact. 2014 Nov;137:64-70. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.06.024. Epub 2014 Jul 7.
Risk assessment due to radon exposure indoors is based on annual average indoor radon activity concentration. To assess the radon exposure in a building, measurement is generally performed during at least two months during heating period in order to be representative of the annual average value. This is because radon presence indoors could be very variable during time. This measurement protocol is fairly reliable but may be a limiting in the radon risk management, particularly during a real estate transaction due to the duration of the measurement and the limitation of the measurement period. A previous field study defined a rapid methodology to characterize radon entry in dwellings. The objective of this study was at first, to test this methodology in various dwellings to assess its relevance with a daily test. At second, a ventilation model was used to assess numerically the air renewal of a building, the indoor air quality all along the year and the annual average indoor radon activity concentration, based on local meteorological conditions, some building characteristics and in-situ characterization of indoor pollutant emission laws. Experimental results obtained on thirteen individual dwellings showed that it is generally possible to obtain a representative characterization of radon entry into homes. It was also possible to refine the methodology defined in the previous study. In addition, numerical assessments of annual average indoor radon activity concentration showed generally a good agreement with measured values. These results are encouraging to allow a procedure with a short measurement time to be used to characterize long-term radon potential in dwellings.
室内氡暴露的风险评估基于室内氡活度浓度的年平均值。为了评估建筑物内的氡暴露情况，通常在供暖期至少两个月内进行测量，以便能代表年平均值。这是因为室内氡的存在随时间变化很大。这种测量方案相当可靠，但在氡风险管理中可能存在局限性，特别是在房地产交易期间，由于测量时间长和测量周期有限。先前的一项实地研究定义了一种快速方法来表征住宅中的氡进入情况。本研究的目的首先是在各种住宅中测试这种方法，通过每日测试来评估其相关性。其次，基于当地气象条件、一些建筑特征和室内污染物排放规律的现场表征，使用通风模型对建筑物的空气更新、全年室内空气质量和室内氡活度浓度年平均值进行数值评估。在13个独立住宅中获得的实验结果表明，通常可以获得住宅中氡进入情况的代表性表征。还可以完善先前研究中定义的方法。此外，室内氡活度浓度年平均值的数值评估总体上与测量值吻合良好。这些结果令人鼓舞，使得可以使用测量时间短的程序来表征住宅中长期的氡潜力。
