Escobar R S, O'Donnell K A, Colalillo S, Pawlby S, Steiner M, Meaney M J, Levitan R D, Silveira P P
PPG Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90035-903, Brazil.
Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
Appetite. 2014 Oct;81:337-42. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2014.06.107. Epub 2014 Jul 8.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: While most "fetal programming" area focused on metabolic disease, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is also associated with a preference for less healthy food. Post-natal factors such as strained maternal-child interactions are equally related to obesogenic eating behaviors. We investigated if IUGR and the quality of the mother/child relationship affect emotional overeating in children.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Participants were 196 children from a prospective birth cohort (the MAVAN project). As part of the protocol at 4 years of age, mothers completed the Children Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) and mother-child interactions were scored during a structured task. A GLM adjusted for BMI examined the interaction between the "Atmosphere" score (ATM) task, sex and IUGR on the emotional over-eating domain of the CEBQ.
There was a significant interaction of BWR vs. sex vs. ATM (P = .02), with no effects of IUGR, sex or ATM. The model was significant for girls with low ATM scores (B = -2.035, P = .014), but not for girls with high (P = 0.94) or boys with high (P = .27) or low (P = .19) ATM scores. Only in IUGR girls, 48 months emotional over-eating correlated with BMI at that age (r = 0.560, P = 0.013) and predicted BMI in the subsequent years (r = 0.654, P = 0.006 at 60 months and r = 0.750, P = 0.005 at 72 months).
IUGR and exposure to a negative emotional atmosphere during maternal-child interactions predicted emotional overeating in girls but not in boys. The quality of mother-infant interaction may be an important target for interventions to prevent emotional overeating and overweight in early development, particularly in girls with a history of IUGR.
背景/目的：虽然大多数“胎儿编程”领域聚焦于代谢性疾病，但宫内生长受限（IUGR）也与对不健康食物的偏好有关。产后因素，如紧张的母婴互动，同样与致肥胖的饮食行为相关。我们研究了IUGR和母婴关系质量是否会影响儿童的情绪化暴饮暴食。
对象/方法：参与者为来自前瞻性出生队列（MAVAN项目）的196名儿童。作为4岁时方案的一部分，母亲们完成了儿童饮食行为问卷（CEBQ），并在一项结构化任务中对母婴互动进行评分。一项针对BMI进行调整的广义线性模型（GLM）研究了“氛围”得分（ATM）任务、性别和IUGR在CEBQ情绪化暴饮暴食领域上的相互作用。
BWR与性别与ATM之间存在显著的相互作用（P = 0.02），IUGR、性别或ATM均无影响。该模型对ATM得分低的女孩有显著意义（B = -2.035，P = 0.014），但对ATM得分高的女孩（P = 0.94）或ATM得分高（P = 0.27）或低（P = 0.19）的男孩无显著意义。仅在IUGR女孩中，48个月时的情绪化暴饮暴食与该年龄的BMI相关（r = 0.560，P = 0.013），并预测了随后几年的BMI（60个月时r = 0.654，P = 0.006；72个月时r = 0.750，P = 0.005）。
IUGR以及母婴互动期间暴露于负面情绪氛围中可预测女孩的情绪化暴饮暴食，但对男孩则不然。母婴互动质量可能是预防早期发育中情绪化暴饮暴食和超重干预措施的重要目标，尤其是对于有IUGR病史的女孩。
