Gómez Aristizábal Liliana Yanet, Confortin Susana Cararo, Carneiro Juliana Ramos, Ribeiro Cecilia Claudia Costa, Batista Rosângela Fernandes Lucena, de Britto E Alves Maria Teresa Seabra Soares, Simões Vanda Maria Ferreira, da Silva Antônio Augusto Moura
Collective Health Post-graduate Program, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.
Universidad CES, Escuela de Graduados. Medellín, Cl 10A #22 - 04, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia.
BMC Pediatr. 2025 Apr 17;25(1):305. doi: 10.1186/s12887-025-05448-4.
Alterations in insulin sensitivity in the fetus during pregnancy have been associated with IUGR and future increases in sweet food cravings.
To analyze the association between intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and sugar consumption at two years of age in the BRISA cohort.
Data from the pre-natal study and the follow-up of the BRISA cohort in the second year of life were used. The outcome assessed was sugar consumption, using three indicators: total energy from sugars, total grams of sugars and % of energy from sugars, analyzed continuously using a 24-hour recall (24 h). The exposure was IUGR, assessed as p50 and defined by the birth weight ratio (KRAMER et al., 1988), calculated by dividing the weight of the newborn by the weight corresponding to the 50th percentile of the birth weight for gestational age curve. To analyze the relationship between sugar consumption and IUGR, a propensity score based on the Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting (IPTW) for continuous treatment was used. To minimize the bias due to loss to follow up, the sample was weighted by the inverse of the probability of selection.
A total of 553 mother-infant pairs were analyzed. The mean birth weight was 3,291 g, with an IUGR rate of 15.19%. There was no association between IUGR and the percentage of energy intake that was derived from sugars. It was observed that infants without IUGR had a lower total energy intake of sugars (β: -11.29; 95%CI: -21.19; - 1.19) and a lower total gram intake of sugars (β: -1.89; 95%CI: -3.48; - 0.30).
IUGR infants had higher sugar intake at two years of age than non-IUGR infants, which means fetal growth restriction can affect eating behavior in later life, leading to the choice of highly palatable, energy-rich foods.
孕期胎儿胰岛素敏感性的改变与宫内生长受限（IUGR）以及日后甜食渴望增加有关。
分析BRISA队列研究中宫内生长受限（IUGR）与两岁时糖摄入量之间的关联。
使用BRISA队列研究产前及生命第二年随访的数据。评估的结局指标为糖摄入量，采用三个指标：糖提供的总能量、糖的总克数以及糖提供能量的百分比，通过24小时膳食回顾法进行连续分析。暴露因素为IUGR，根据第50百分位数（P50）进行评估，并采用出生体重比（KRAMER等人，1988年）进行定义，计算方法为将新生儿体重除以根据胎龄出生体重曲线第50百分位数对应的体重。为分析糖摄入量与IUGR之间的关系，采用基于连续治疗的逆概率加权法（IPTW）的倾向得分法。为尽量减少失访导致的偏倚，样本采用选择概率的倒数进行加权。
共分析了553对母婴对。平均出生体重为3291克，IUGR发生率为15.19%。IUGR与糖提供能量的百分比之间无关联。观察发现，无IUGR的婴儿糖的总能量摄入量较低（β：-11.29；95%置信区间：-21.19；-1.19），糖的总克数摄入量也较低（β：-1.89；95%置信区间：-3.48；-0.30）。
IUGR婴儿在两岁时的糖摄入量高于非IUGR婴儿，这意味着胎儿生长受限可能会影响其日后的饮食行为，导致其选择高适口性、高能量的食物。
