Chang Keng-Ming, Hsieh Ching-Hung, Chiang Han-Sun, Lee Tian-Shyug
Graduate Institute of Business Administration, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinic of Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Jun;53(2):183-6. doi: 10.1016/j.tjog.2014.04.010.
To assess the associated risk factors and the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) among women with hypertension (H/T) aged 60 or over in Taiwan.
A total of 2410 women aged 60 or over were selected by a multistage random sampling method and a total of 1519 women completed the face-to-face interviews. Only women who answered "yes" to the question "Do you have H/T?" were included in the H/T sample. The factors were assessed by frequency and Pearson's χ(2) test using a significance level of p < 0.05. Logistic regression was used to investigate the significance of dichotomous dependent variables.
A total of 39.7% (602 women) interviewees had H/T, among which 39.9% (240 women) had UI symptoms. The prevalence of UI among women aged 60 or over with or without H/T was significantly different (p = 0.006). Risk factors were age [odds ratio (OR) = 1.043, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.016-1.071, per year], diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR = 1.653, 95% CI 1.105-2.474), previous urinary diseases (OR = 3.462, 95% CI 2.260-5.301), and body mass index (BMI; OR = 1.060, 95% CI 1.012-1.110, per unit). There was no significant association between UI and drug allergy, smoking, hysterectomy, hormone therapy, or gynecological surgery.
UI can be a frequent and annoying problem for aged women. In women with H/T, UI is significantly related to risk factors such as age, DM, BMI, and urinary diseases. In addition, BMI is considered a key risk factor for H/T. Therefore, effective control of BMI would help in controlling H/T and UI in aged women.
评估台湾60岁及以上高血压女性尿失禁（UI）的相关危险因素及患病率。
采用多阶段随机抽样方法选取2410名60岁及以上女性，共1519名女性完成面对面访谈。仅对“您患有高血压吗？”问题回答“是”的女性纳入高血压样本。通过频率和Pearson卡方检验评估因素，显著性水平为p < 0.05。采用逻辑回归分析二分因变量的显著性。
共有39.7%（602名女性）受访者患有高血压，其中39.9%（240名女性）有尿失禁症状。60岁及以上有或无高血压女性的尿失禁患病率有显著差异（p = 0.006）。危险因素包括年龄[比值比（OR）= 1.043，95%置信区间（CI）1.016 - 1.071，每年]、糖尿病（DM）（OR = 1.653，95% CI 1.105 - 2.474）、既往泌尿系统疾病（OR = 3.462，95% CI 2.260 - 5.301）和体重指数（BMI；OR = 1.060，95% CI 1.012 - 1.110，每单位）。尿失禁与药物过敏、吸烟、子宫切除术、激素治疗或妇科手术之间无显著关联。
尿失禁可能是老年女性常见且困扰的问题。在高血压女性中，尿失禁与年龄、糖尿病、体重指数和泌尿系统疾病等危险因素显著相关。此外，体重指数被认为是高血压的关键危险因素。因此有效控制体重指数有助于控制老年女性的高血压和尿失禁。
