Geerlings Suzanne E, Hulscher Marlies E J L, Prins Jan M
AMC, afd. Interne Geneeskunde, Amsterdam.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2014;158:A7288.
Antimicrobial resistance is an increasing health care problem, both abroad and in the Netherlands, and its main driving force is antibiotic use. In patients with pneumonia or sepsis, appropriate antibiotic use has been associated with improved clinical outcome, shorter length of hospital stay, decreased bacterial resistance and reduced costs. In a recent study in 19 hospitals in the Netherlands, we found that appropriate antibiotic use in patients with another common type of infection, i.e. urinary tract infection, was also associated with a reduction in length of hospital stay, thus improving patient outcome and healthcare costs. A social and behavioural scientific approach with different intervention strategies - restrictive and persuasive - is required if antibiotic prescription in hospitals is to be improved. As a part of this antimicrobial stewardship programme, antibiotic teams (A-teams) must be introduced in all hospitals in 2014.
抗菌药物耐药性在国外和荷兰都是一个日益严重的医疗保健问题，其主要驱动力是抗生素的使用。在肺炎或败血症患者中，合理使用抗生素与改善临床结局、缩短住院时间、降低细菌耐药性以及降低成本相关。在荷兰19家医院的一项最新研究中，我们发现，在另一种常见感染类型即尿路感染患者中合理使用抗生素也与住院时间缩短相关，从而改善了患者结局并降低了医疗成本。如果要改善医院的抗生素处方，就需要采用一种具有不同干预策略（限制性和劝导性）的社会和行为科学方法。作为这项抗菌药物管理计划的一部分，2014年必须在所有医院引入抗生素团队（A团队）。
