Master of Science Program in Implant Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, 6 Yothi Street, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
Oral Radiol. 2021 Jul;37(3):452-462. doi: 10.1007/s11282-020-00478-3. Epub 2020 Aug 27.
To investigate the prevalence, diameter, and position of the alveolar antral artery (AAA) canals and measure the distances from the canal to the maxillary sinus floor and to the edentulous alveolar crest in each posterior maxillary tooth locations by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).
CBCT images of the posterior maxillary region from 280 patients were investigated. The prevalence and diameter of the AAA canal were evaluated. The perpendicular distances from the canal to the maxillary sinus floor and to the edentulous alveolar crest of each tooth locations were measured. The mediolateral positions and routes of the canals were observed with novel classification. Statistical analyses were carried out to determine any significant differences in mean distances between the tooth locations along with mean distances of tooth location by age, gender, and dentate status.
The AAA canal was found in 94.6% with a mean diameter ± SD of 1.05 ± 0.34 mm. The mean ± SD perpendicular distance from AAA canal to the edentulous alveolar crest at the first (16.02 ± 3.94 mm) and the second molars (16.74 ± 3.51 mm) were significantly shorter than the second premolar region. The intrasinus mediolateral position of the canal (72.5%) was the most common in concordance with the all-in type mediolateral route (50.9%).
The intrasinus mediolateral position of the AAA canal is a common structure in the lateral wall of maxillary sinus, which could be detected with CBCT images. The all-in type is the most prevalent mediolateral route among a novel 7-type classification system of AAA routes. Owing to the short distance between the AAA canal and the alveolar crest in the first and second molar locations, CBCT images should be taken to investigate the AAA position and route before sinus lift procedure to prevent the risk of hemorrhage.
通过锥形束 CT（CBCT）研究牙槽嵴顶动脉（AAA）管的发生率、直径和位置，并测量每个上颌后牙部位的管至上颌窦底和无牙牙槽嵴的距离。
对 280 例上颌后牙区的 CBCT 图像进行研究。评估 AAA 管的发生率和直径。测量每个牙位的管至上颌窦底和无牙牙槽嵴的垂直距离。采用新的分类方法观察管的内外侧位置和走行。进行统计学分析，以确定牙位之间的平均距离以及年龄、性别和有牙状态的牙位平均距离是否存在显著差异。
AAA 管的发生率为 94.6%，平均直径为 1.05±0.34mm。AAA 管至第一磨牙（16.02±3.94mm）和第二磨牙（16.74±3.51mm）无牙牙槽嵴的垂直距离明显短于第二前磨牙区。管的窦内内外侧位置（72.5%）与全入型内外侧走行（50.9%）最常见。
AAA 管的窦内内外侧位置是上颌窦外侧壁的常见结构，可通过 CBCT 图像检测到。在 AAA 管的 7 型分类系统中，全入型是最常见的内外侧走行。由于第一和第二磨牙部位的 AAA 管与牙槽嵴之间的距离较短，在进行窦底提升手术前应拍摄 CBCT 图像以调查 AAA 位置和走行，以防止出血风险。
