Veerabadhran Maruthanayagam, Manivel Nagarajan, Mohanakrishnan Dinesh, Sahal Dinkar, Muthuraman Sundararaman
Department of Marine Biotechnology, National Facility for Marine Cyanobacteria, Bharathidasan University , Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu , India and.
Pharm Biol. 2014 Oct;52(10):1291-301. doi: 10.3109/13880209.2014.890231. Epub 2014 Jul 15.
Marine cyanobacteria offer considerable potential to isolate new antimalarials to meet a pressing need of our times.
To explore the antiplasmodial properties of marine cyanobacteria.
Cyanobacterial samples collected from the coastal regions of Tamil Nadu were identified using light microscopy, and the strains were cultivated in ASN-III medium. Organic extracts (0-100 µg mL(-1)) of 25 in vitro mass-cultivated cyanobacteria, prepared using methanol: chloroform mixture (1:1 v/v) were evaluated for their antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine-sensitive and -resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum by fluorescence-based SYBR Green I assay where chloroquine was used as a control. To detect the toxic effects of cyanobacterial extracts against red blood cells, the invasion, maturation, and growth rate of malarial parasites in cyanobacterial extracts pre-treated versus untreated erythrocytes were quantified microscopically. Mammalian cell line (HeLa) was used to determine cyanobacterial extract toxicity using the MTT assay.
The extracts of Lyngbya aestuarii Liebm. ex Gomont CNP 1005 (C12) Oscillatoria boryana BDU 91451 (C22) and Oscillatoria boryana Bory ex Gomont BDU 141071 (C18) showed promising antiplasmodial activity (IC50 = 18, 18, and 51 μg mL(-1) respectively) against Pf3D7. Pretreatment of red blood cells with IC100 of C12, C18, and C22 (40, 100, and 40 µgmL(-1), respectively) did not significantly influence the invasion, maturation, and growth rate of malarial parasites in comparison with untreated RBC controls suggesting a lack of toxicity to host cells. MTT assay based IC50 (>200 μg mL(-1)) of these extracts against HeLa cell line also indicates their high selectivity against the malaria parasite.
These exploratory studies suggest the possibilities of development of new antimalarial compounds from marine cyanobacteria.
海洋蓝藻细菌在分离新型抗疟药物方面具有巨大潜力，以满足我们这个时代的迫切需求。
探索海洋蓝藻细菌的抗疟特性。
从泰米尔纳德邦沿海地区采集的蓝藻细菌样本通过光学显微镜进行鉴定，并在ASN-III培养基中培养。使用甲醇：氯仿混合物（1:1 v/v）制备的25种体外大规模培养的蓝藻细菌的有机提取物（0 - 100μg mL⁻¹），通过基于荧光的SYBR Green I测定法评估其对恶性疟原虫氯喹敏感和耐药菌株的抗疟活性，以氯喹作为对照。为检测蓝藻细菌提取物对红细胞的毒性作用，通过显微镜定量疟原虫在经蓝藻细菌提取物预处理和未处理的红细胞中的侵袭、成熟和生长速率。使用哺乳动物细胞系（HeLa）通过MTT测定法确定蓝藻细菌提取物的毒性。
河口鞘丝藻Liebm. ex Gomont CNP 1005（C12）、博氏颤藻BDU 91451（C22）和博氏颤藻Bory ex Gomont BDU 141071（C18）的提取物对Pf3D7显示出有前景的抗疟活性（IC50分别为18、18和51μg mL⁻¹）。与未处理的红细胞对照相比，用C12、C18和C22的IC100（分别为40、100和40μg mL⁻¹）预处理红细胞对疟原虫的侵袭、成熟和生长速率没有显著影响，表明对宿主细胞缺乏毒性。基于MTT测定法，这些提取物对HeLa细胞系的IC50（>200μg mL⁻¹）也表明它们对疟原虫具有高选择性。
这些探索性研究表明从海洋蓝藻细菌开发新型抗疟化合物的可能性。
