Kim S H, Alam M J, Gu M J, Park K W, Jeon C O, Ha Jong K, Cho K K, Lee S S
Ruminant Nutrition and Anaerobe Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea.
Ruminant Nutrition and Anaerobe Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea ; Dept. of Animal Science, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh .
Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2012 Feb;25(2):213-23. doi: 10.5713/ajas.2011.11186. Epub 2012 Feb 1.
In this study, two experiments were conducted to evaluate the total mixed ration with fermented feed (TMRF) and total mixed ration (TMR) by rumen in vitro fermentation and their effects on the growth performance and blood characteristics of Hanwoo steers. In experiment 1, three Hanwoo steers (600±47 kg), each permanently fitted with a ruminal cannula were used. In this experiment, three diets designated as T1, TMRF (18.4% fermented feed, tall fescue, mammoth wild rye forage and whole crop barley); T2, TMRF (17.7% fermented feed, rice straw and whole crop barley); and T3, TMR (rice straw, whole crop barley and probiotics, but no fermented feed), which were subjected to rumen in vitro fermentation for 48 h. The results demonstrated that DM disappearance rate gradually increased with advancing fermentation time, but T1 and T2 were higher than the T3 (p<0.05) from 3 h to 12 h, but insignificant (p>0.05) at 24 and 48 h. None of the specific VFAs were affected except for acetic and non volatile lactic acids, which were produced more in T2 than in T1 and T3 at 24 h and 48 h of incubation. A/P was lower in T1 and T2 than inT3 at 24 h (p<0.05) and 48 h (p>0.05) of incubation. These results confirmed that TMRF-related treatment shows a superior performance to that of TMR during the ruminal fermentation period. In experiment 2, the three diets in experiment 1 plus 1 more control diet (concentrates, probiotics and 2% rice straw of body weight) were fed to the 48 Hanwoo steers (160±10 kg) for a period of 168 d. The results demonstrated that the daily and total live weight gain and feed efficiency were higher (p<0.05) in the TMRF and TMR groups than in the control group. SGOT, SGPT and BUN (p<0.05) were reduced in TMRF relative to the control and TMR groups by 168 d which confirmed that TMRF shows better blood profiles than the TMR and control groups. Overall, these results appear to show that TMRF has better in vitro ruminal characteristics than those of TMR; growth performance and blood profiles were also found to be superior in TMRF than in the TMR and control groups. Thus, our findings suggest that TMRF-based feed supplies are favorable for Hanwoo cattle.
在本研究中，进行了两项试验，通过瘤胃体外发酵评估含发酵饲料的全混合日粮（TMRF）和全混合日粮（TMR），以及它们对韩牛生长性能和血液特性的影响。在试验1中，使用了三头韩牛阉牛（600±47千克），每头牛都永久安装了瘤胃瘘管。在本试验中，三种日粮分别指定为T1，TMRF（18.4%发酵饲料，高羊茅、猛犸野黑麦草料和整株大麦）；T2，TMRF（17.7%发酵饲料，稻草和整株大麦）；以及T3，TMR（稻草、整株大麦和益生菌，但不含发酵饲料），将其进行瘤胃体外发酵48小时。结果表明，干物质消失率随着发酵时间的延长而逐渐增加，但在3小时至12小时期间，T1和T2高于T3（p<0.05），而在24小时和48小时时差异不显著（p>0.05）。除乙酸和非挥发性乳酸外，特定挥发性脂肪酸均未受到影响，在培养24小时和48小时时，T2中产生的乙酸和非挥发性乳酸比T1和T3更多。在培养24小时（p<0.05）和48小时（p>0.05）时，T1和T2中的A/P低于T3。这些结果证实，在瘤胃发酵期，与TMRF相关的处理表现优于TMR。在试验2中，将试验1中的三种日粮加上1种对照日粮（精料、益生菌和体重2%的稻草）喂给48头韩牛阉牛（160±10千克），为期168天。结果表明，TMRF组和TMR组的日增重、总增重和饲料效率均高于对照组（p<0.05）。到168天时，相对于对照组和TMR组，TMRF组的谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶和血尿素氮降低（p<0.05），这证实了TMRF组的血液指标优于TMR组和对照组。总体而言，这些结果似乎表明，TMRF在体外瘤胃特性方面优于TMR；在生长性能和血液指标方面，TMRF组也优于TMR组和对照组。因此，我们的研究结果表明，以TMRF为基础的饲料供应对韩牛有利。
