Heo J M, Agyekum A K, Yin Y L, Rideout T C, Nyachoti C M
Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3T 2N2 Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, South Korea.
Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3T 2N2.
J Anim Sci. 2014 Sep;92(9):3906-13. doi: 10.2527/jas.2013-7289. Epub 2014 Jul 23.
The aim was to evaluate the effects of feeding resistant potato starch (RPS) as a natural source of resistant starch to weaned pigs for 28 d immediately after weaning. Sixty piglets (Yorkshire-Landrace × Duroc) weaned at 21 ± 2 d (1:1 male:female) with an initial BW of 7.2 ± 0.78 kg were assigned in a completely randomized design to 1 of 5 dietary treatments to give 6 observations per treatment and 2 pigs per pen. Dietary treatments consisted of a negative control corn-soybean meal-wheat-wheat middlings-based diet (NC; no antimicrobial agents added) or the NC supplemented with RPS either as powder or in capsules and each included at 0.5 or 1.0% as a top-dressing on each day. Diets were formulated to meet 1998 NRC specifications. Pigs were offered the experimental diets on an ad libitum basis for 28 d and water was available at all times. The ADG, ADFI, and G:F were determined weekly. Fecal score was determined daily for 14 d after weaning. At the conclusion of study, 1 pig from each pen was randomly selected and euthanized (n = 6 per treatment) to determine visceral organ weight, digesta pH, VFA, and ammonia N (NH3-N) concentrations. Resistant potato starch supplementation improved (P < 0.001) fecal score, and pigs offered 1.0% RPS had more solid feces (P < 0.05) than those offered 0.5% RPS during the first 14 d after weaning, independent of the form of RPS. Resistant potato starch supplementation decreased (P < 0.05) ileal and cecal digesta pH regardless of the levels of RPS or mode of delivery. The total VFA concentrations in cecal digesta were greater (P < 0.05) but the molar proportion of branched-chain fatty acids were lower (P < 0.05) for pigs fed the RPS-containing diets compared with those fed the NC, irrespective of the RPS levels or the form of RPS. However, there were no differences (P > 0.10) in visceral organ weights, growth performance, and digestibilities of DM, CP, Ca, and P among treatments. The results of this experiment indicate that supplementing a weaner pig diet with at least 0.5% RPS independent of mode of delivery has the potential to enhance outcomes characteristic of a functional gut in weaned pigs without adverse effects on growth.
本研究旨在评估断奶后立即给断奶仔猪饲喂抗性马铃薯淀粉(RPS)作为抗性淀粉天然来源28天的效果。选用60头21±2日龄断奶的仔猪(约克夏-长白×杜洛克)(公母比例1:1),初始体重7.2±0.78千克,采用完全随机设计分为5种日粮处理组,每组6个重复,每栏2头猪。日粮处理包括以玉米-豆粕-小麦-次粉为基础的阴性对照日粮(NC;不添加抗菌剂),或添加粉末状或胶囊状RPS的NC日粮,两种形式的RPS均按每天0.5%或1.0%的量进行表层添加。日粮按照1998年NRC标准配制。仔猪自由采食实验日粮28天,且随时可饮水。每周测定平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)和料重比(G:F)。断奶后14天每天测定粪便评分。实验结束时,从每栏随机选取1头猪进行安乐死(每种处理6头),以测定内脏器官重量、食糜pH值、挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)和氨氮(NH₃-N)浓度。添加抗性马铃薯淀粉可改善(P<0.001)粪便评分,断奶后前14天,饲喂1.0%RPS的仔猪粪便比饲喂0.5%RPS的仔猪更成型(P<0.05),且与RPS的形式无关。添加抗性马铃薯淀粉可降低(P<0.05)回肠和盲肠食糜pH值,与RPS水平或添加方式无关。与饲喂NC日粮的仔猪相比,饲喂含RPS日粮的仔猪盲肠食糜中总VFA浓度更高(P<0.05),但支链脂肪酸的摩尔比例更低(P<0.05),且与RPS水平或形式无关。然而,各处理组在内脏器官重量、生长性能以及干物质、粗蛋白、钙和磷的消化率方面均无差异(P>0.10)。本实验结果表明,断奶仔猪日粮中至少添加0.5%RPS,无论添加方式如何,均有可能改善断奶仔猪功能性肠道的相关指标,且对生长无不良影响。