在加拿大蒙特利尔，2005-2009 年，休闲活动期间的阳光暴露与前列腺癌风险的关系。
Sunlight exposure during leisure activities and risk of prostate cancer in Montréal, Canada, 2005-2009.
机构信息
INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, Laval, Québec H7V 1B7, Canada.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2014 Jul 28;14:756. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-756.
BACKGROUND
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the leading cause of cancer in men in many developed countries, but no modifiable risk factors have been identified. A handful of analytical studies have suggested a possible etiological role for sunlight exposure. We report here on the association between leisure-time sunlight exposure during adulthood and PCa risk in the context of a population-based case-control study.
METHODS
In all, 1,904 PCa cases were ascertained across Montreal French hospitals between 2005 and 2009. Concurrently, 1,962 population controls, frequency matched to cases by age (±5 years), were selected from the electoral list for French-speakers in Greater Montreal. Interviews elicited the frequency of engagement in any leisure activity during adulthood. This was used to derive cumulative sunlight exposure indices: a cumulative number of leisure activities events entailing sunlight exposure and a cumulative duration of sunlight exposure during leisure activities. Unconditional logistic regression was conducted to yield odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for estimating the association between sunlight exposure indices and PCa risk, adjusting for age, ancestry, family history of PCa, PCa screening, education, solar protection, body mass index and physical activity.
RESULTS
Compared with men in the upper quartile category for the number of sunlight exposure events, men never exposed during leisure time had an OR of 1.32 (95% CI: 0.82-2.14). ORs were 1.11, 0.91 and 1.00 for the first to the third quartiles of exposure, respectively. Similar results were observed for cumulative duration of exposure to sunlight, and by PCa aggressiveness.
CONCLUSION
These findings provide little evidence of an association between sunlight exposure during leisure-time and PCa risk. Men with no sunlight exposure appeared at somewhat higher risks but none of the estimates achieved statistical significance.
背景
在许多发达国家，前列腺癌（PCa）是男性癌症的主要病因，但尚未确定可改变的危险因素。少数分析性研究表明，阳光暴露可能与病因有关。我们在此报告了一项基于人群的病例对照研究，研究了成年期休闲时光的阳光暴露与 PCa 风险之间的关联。
方法
在 2005 年至 2009 年期间，通过蒙特利尔法语医院共确定了 1904 例 PCa 病例。同期，从大蒙特利尔法语选民名单中选择了 1962 名与病例年龄（±5 岁）相匹配的人群对照。访谈中询问了成年期从事任何休闲活动的频率。这被用来得出累积阳光暴露指数：涉及阳光暴露的休闲活动次数的累积数和休闲活动期间阳光暴露的累积时间。使用非条件逻辑回归得出估计阳光暴露指数与 PCa 风险之间关联的比值比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI），调整因素包括年龄、祖籍、PCa 家族史、PCa 筛查、教育、防晒、体重指数和身体活动。
结果
与在阳光暴露事件数量上处于最高四分位的男性相比，从不进行休闲时光阳光暴露的男性的 OR 为 1.32（95%CI：0.82-2.14）。暴露的第一至第三四分位数的 OR 分别为 1.11、0.91 和 1.00。在累积暴露于阳光的持续时间和 PCa 侵袭性方面也观察到了类似的结果。
结论
这些发现几乎没有证据表明休闲时光的阳光暴露与 PCa 风险之间存在关联。没有阳光暴露的男性似乎处于较高的风险，但没有一项估计值达到统计学意义。
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