1] Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Pulmonary Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [3] Department of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
1] Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. [2] Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. [3] Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. [4] Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Nat Med. 2014 Aug;20(8):822-32. doi: 10.1038/nm.3642.
Recent studies have shown that the respiratory system has an extensive ability to respond to injury and regenerate lost or damaged cells. The unperturbed adult lung is remarkably quiescent, but after insult or injury progenitor populations can be activated or remaining cells can re-enter the cell cycle. Techniques including cell-lineage tracing and transcriptome analysis have provided novel and exciting insights into how the lungs and trachea regenerate in response to injury and have allowed the identification of pathways important in lung development and regeneration. These studies are now informing approaches for modulating the pathways that may promote endogenous regeneration as well as the generation of exogenous lung cell lineages from pluripotent stem cells. The emerging advances, highlighted in this Review, are providing new techniques and assays for basic mechanistic studies as well as generating new model systems for human disease and strategies for cell replacement.
最近的研究表明，呼吸系统具有广泛的应对损伤和再生丢失或受损细胞的能力。未受干扰的成人肺部非常安静，但在受到刺激或损伤后，祖细胞群可以被激活，或者剩余细胞可以重新进入细胞周期。包括细胞谱系追踪和转录组分析在内的技术，为肺部和气管如何对损伤做出反应并进行再生提供了新的令人兴奋的见解，并确定了在肺发育和再生中起重要作用的途径。这些研究正在为调节可能促进内源性再生的途径以及从多能干细胞生成外源性肺细胞谱系提供信息。本综述强调的新兴进展，为基础机制研究提供了新技术和检测方法，并为人类疾病和细胞替代策略生成了新的模型系统。
