Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, Growth and Nutrition Division, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
BMC Womens Health. 2021 Mar 22;21(1):120. doi: 10.1186/s12905-021-01243-2.
Mothers of young children from low-income communities may be vulnerable to barriers associated with low physical activity. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between home environment factors and maternal physical activity among mothers of toddlers.
Mothers of toddlers (n = 200) recruited from low-income communities simultaneously wore an ankle-placed accelerometer and were given a personal digital assistant for ecological momentary assessment. Mothers received randomly prompted questions about their current environment, activity, and social setting several times a day over eight consecutive days. Data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects regression models with random intercepts; within-group and between-group relations between physical activity and environment factors were disaggregated.
Within-group relations included higher physical activity counts for specific mothers with television off versus on (95% CI = 130.45, 199.17), children absent versus present (95% CI = 82.00, 3.43), engaging with a child versus not (95% CI = 52.66, 127.63), and outside versus inside location (95% CI = 277.74, 392.67). Between-group relations included higher physical activity on average when other adults were absent versus present (95% CI = - 282.63, - 46.95). Recruitment site (urban vs. semi-urban) significantly moderated the within-group relation between being outside versus inside and activity count (β = - 243.12, 95% CI = - 358.74, - 127.47), and showed stronger relations among urban mothers (β = 440.33, 95% CI = 358.41, 522.25), than semi-urban (β = 190.37, 95% CI = 109.64, 271.11). Maternal body weight significantly moderated the within-group relation between being located outside versus inside the home and activity count (β for interaction = - 188.67, 95% CI = - 308.95, - 68.39), with a stronger relation among mothers with normal weight (β = 451.62, 95% CI = 345.51, 557.73), than mothers with overweight/obesity (β = 271.95, 95% CI = 204.26, 339.64).
This study highlights home environmental factors, including screen time, the presence of others (adults and children), and location (i.e., outside versus inside) that may relate to maternal physical activity behaviors. Understanding factors associated with physical activity could reduce physical activity disparities. Trial registry ClinicalTrials. NCT02615158, April 2006.
来自低收入社区的幼儿母亲可能容易受到与低体力活动相关的障碍的影响。本研究的目的是检查家庭环境因素与幼儿母亲体力活动之间的关系。
从低收入社区招募了 200 名幼儿母亲，她们同时佩戴脚踝放置的加速度计，并配备了个人数字助理进行生态瞬时评估。母亲们在连续 8 天内的每一天，都会收到关于当前环境、活动和社交环境的随机提示问题。使用具有随机截距的线性混合效应回归模型分析数据；离散出体力活动与环境因素之间的组内和组间关系。
组内关系包括与电视开/关（95%置信区间 = 130.45，199.17）、孩子在/不在（95%置信区间 = 82.00，3.43）、与孩子互动/不互动（95%置信区间 = 52.66，127.63）以及在/不在家（95%置信区间 = 277.74，392.67）时相比，特定母亲的体力活动计数更高。组间关系包括当其他成年人不在/在时，平均体力活动更高（95%置信区间 = - 282.63，- 46.95）。招募地点（城市与半城市）显著调节了室外与室内与活动计数之间的组内关系（β = - 243.12，95%置信区间 = - 358.74，- 127.47），并且在城市母亲中表现出更强的关系（β = 440.33，95%置信区间 = 358.41，522.25），而在半城市母亲中关系较弱（β = 190.37，95%置信区间 = 109.64，271.11）。母亲体重显著调节了室内与室外的组内关系与活动计数（β交互项 = - 188.67，95%置信区间 = - 308.95，- 68.39），与超重/肥胖的母亲相比（β = 271.95，95%置信区间 = 204.26，339.64），体重正常的母亲的关系更强（β = 451.62，95%置信区间 = 345.51，557.73）。
本研究强调了家庭环境因素，包括屏幕时间、他人（成人和儿童）的存在以及位置（即室内/室外），这些因素可能与母亲的体力活动行为有关。了解与体力活动相关的因素可以减少体力活动的差异。临床试验注册 ClinicalTrials。NCT02615158，2006 年 4 月。
