Kang Yinfeng, Li Yanling, Yuan Runyu, Li Xianwei, Sun Minhua, Wang Zhaoxiong, Feng Minsha, Jiao Peirong, Ren Tao
National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou, China.
Virol J. 2014 Aug 12;11:147. doi: 10.1186/1743-422X-11-147.
Newcastle disease (ND) is an OIE listed disease caused by virulent avian paramyxovirus type 1 (APMV-1) strains, which is enzootic and causes large economic losses in the poultry sector. Genotype VII and genotype IX NDV viruses were the predominant circulating genotype in China, which may possibly be responsible for disease outbreaks in chicken flocks in recent years. While ducks and geese usually have exhibited inapparent infections.
In the present study, we investigate the complete genome sequence, the clinicopathological characterization and transmission of two virulent Newcastle disease viruses, SS-10 and NH-10, isolated from domestic ducks in Southern China in 2010.
F, and the complete gene sequences based on phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that SS-10 (genotype VII) and NH-10 (genotype IX) belongs to class II. The deduced amino acid sequence was (112)R-R-Q-K/R-R-F(117) at the fusion protein cleavage site. Animal experiment results showed that the SS-10 virus isolated from ducks was highly pathogenic for chickens and geese, but low pathogenic for ducks. It could be detected from spleen, lung, kidney, trachea, small intestine, bursa of fabricius, thymus, pancreas and cecal tonsils, oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs, and could transmit to the naive contact birds. Moreover, it could transmit to chickens, ducks and geese by naive contact. However, the NH-10 virus isolated from ducks could infect some chickens, ducks and geese, but only caused chickens to die. Additionally, it could transmit to the naive contact chickens, ducks, and geese.
The two NDV isolates exhibited different biological properties with respect to pathogenicity and transmission in chickens, ducks and geese. Therefore, no species-preference exists for chicken, duck or goose viruses and more attention should be paid to the trans-species transmission of VII NDVs between ducks, geese and chickens for the control and eradication of ND.
新城疫（ND）是由强毒1型禽副黏病毒（APMV-1）毒株引起的一种世界动物卫生组织（OIE）规定的疫病，呈地方流行性，给家禽业造成巨大经济损失。VII型和IX型新城疫病毒是中国主要的流行基因型，可能是近年来鸡群疫病暴发的原因。而鸭和鹅通常表现为隐性感染。
在本研究中，我们对2010年从中国南方家鸭中分离出的两株强毒新城疫病毒SS-10和NH-10的全基因组序列、临床病理特征及传播情况进行了研究。
F基因及基于系统发育分析的完整基因序列表明，SS-10（VII型）和NH-10（IX型）属于II类。融合蛋白裂解位点处推导的氨基酸序列为(112)R-R-Q-K/R-R-F(117)。动物实验结果表明，从鸭分离出的SS-10病毒对鸡和鹅具有高致病性，对鸭具有低致病性。它可在脾脏、肺、肾、气管、小肠、法氏囊、胸腺、胰腺和盲肠扁桃体、口咽和泄殖腔拭子中检测到，并可传播给未接触过的易感禽类。此外，它可通过未接触过的易感禽类传播给鸡、鸭和鹅。然而，从鸭分离出的NH-10病毒可感染部分鸡、鸭和鹅，但仅导致鸡死亡。此外，它可传播给未接触过的易感鸡、鸭和鹅。
这两株新城疫病毒分离株在鸡、鸭和鹅中的致病性和传播方面表现出不同的生物学特性。因此，鸡、鸭或鹅病毒不存在物种偏好，在新城疫的防控和根除中，应更加关注VII型新城疫病毒在鸭、鹅和鸡之间的跨物种传播。
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