Benetello Annalisa, Cecchetto Carlo, Papagno Costanza
a Department of Psychology , University of Milano - Bicocca , Milano , Italy.
Memory. 2015;23(7):1001-12. doi: 10.1080/09658211.2014.945939. Epub 2014 Aug 14.
The aim of this study is to disentangle the relative contribution of semantic and phonological representation in immediate serial recall. Indeed, short-term memory (STM) performance could be enhanced by familiarity with the phonological form of the word only or together with semantic information. Participants learned two sets of words in an unknown language: for one set they acquired both phonology and semantics, while for the other only phonology. After that, they performed two immediate serial recall tasks involving either "phonology and semantics" or "only phonology" words and one with untrained words. The analyses showed that the trained lists did not differ from each other, while they did from the untrained one. These data confirm that familiarity with the phonological form is sufficient for immediate serial recall. Therefore, we argue that semantics is not required for verbal STM, but knowledge of the phonological form is what matters.
本研究的目的是厘清语义和语音表征在即时系列回忆中的相对作用。的确，短期记忆（STM）表现可以仅通过对单词语音形式的熟悉度提高，也可以通过结合语义信息提高。参与者学习了两组用未知语言呈现的单词：一组他们同时学习了语音和语义，而另一组只学习了语音。之后，他们进行了两项即时系列回忆任务，一项涉及“语音和语义”单词，另一项涉及“仅语音”单词，还有一项涉及未训练的单词。分析表明，经过训练的列表之间没有差异，但与未训练的列表存在差异。这些数据证实，对语音形式的熟悉度足以进行即时系列回忆。因此，我们认为言语STM不需要语义，但语音形式的知识才是关键。
