Fontanesi L, Ribani A, Scotti E, Utzeri V J, Veličković N, Dall'Olio S
Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Division of Animal Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 46, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Division of Animal Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 46, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
Meat Sci. 2014 Dec;98(4):781-4. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.07.026. Epub 2014 Aug 5.
Wild boar meat cannot be easily distinguished from domestic pig meat, especially in processed products, thus it can be fraudulently substituted with cheaper domestic pork. In this study we genotyped polymorphisms in two genes (MC1R, affecting coat color and NR6A1, associated with number of vertebrae) in 293 domestic pigs of five commercial breeds, 111 wild boars sampled in Italy, and 90 in Slovenia and other Western Balkan regions. Allele and genotype frequency data were used to set up a DNA-based method to distinguish meat of wild boars and domestic pigs. Genotyping results indicated that domesticated genes were introgressed into wild boar populations. This complicated the determination of the origin of the meat and would cause a high error rate if markers of only one gene were used. The combined use of polymorphisms in the two analyzed genes substantially reduced false negative results.
野猪肉很难与家猪肉区分开来，尤其是在加工产品中，因此它可能会被更便宜的家猪肉欺诈性地替代。在本研究中，我们对五个商业品种的293头家猪、在意大利采集的111头野猪以及在斯洛文尼亚和其他西巴尔干地区采集的90头野猪的两个基因（影响毛色的MC1R和与椎骨数量相关的NR6A1）中的多态性进行了基因分型。等位基因和基因型频率数据被用于建立一种基于DNA的方法来区分野猪和家猪的肉。基因分型结果表明，驯化基因已渗入野猪种群。这使得肉的来源判定变得复杂，如果仅使用一个基因的标记，将会导致很高的错误率。两个分析基因中多态性的联合使用大大降低了假阴性结果。
