Rębała Krzysztof, Rabtsava Alina A, Kotova Svetlana A, Kipen Viachaslau N, Zhurina Natalja V, Gandzha Alla I, Tsybovsky Iosif S
Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
Scientific and Practical Centre of the State Committee of Forensic Expertises, Minsk, Belarus.
PLoS One. 2016 Nov 16;11(11):e0166563. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166563. eCollection 2016.
A panel comprising 16 short tandem repeats (STRs) and a gender-specific amelogenin marker was worked out and tested for robustness in discrimination between wild and domestic swine subspecies encountered in Europe, between regional populations of wild boars and between main breeds of domestic pigs reared in Belarus. The STR dataset comprised 310 wild boars, inhabiting all administrative regions of Belarus, and 313 domestic pigs, representing three local and three cosmopolitan lines. Additionally, a total of 835 wild boars were genotyped for the presence of melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) alleles specific for domestic pigs. Correctness of assignment of STR profiles to appropriate populations was measured by log-likelihood ratios (log-LRs). All samples were correctly identified as wild boars or domestic pigs with average log-LR of 42.4 (LR = 2.6×1018). On the other hand, as many as 50 out of 835 (6.0%) genotyped wild boars from Belarus possessed MC1R alleles specific to domestic pigs, demonstrating supremacy of our STR profiling system over traditional differentiation between wild boars and domestic pigs, based on single binary markers. Mean log-LRs for allocation of wild boars to their regions of origin and of domestic pigs to appropriate breeds were 2.3 (LR = 9.7) and 13.4 (LR = 6.6×105), respectively. Our results demonstrate the developed STR profiling system to be a highly efficient tool for differentiation between wild and domestic swine subspecies and between diverse breeds of domestic pigs as well as for verification of genetic identity of porcine specimens for the purpose of forensic investigations of wildlife crimes, assurance of veterinary public health, parentage control in animal husbandry, food safety management and traceability of livestock products.
构建了一个由16个短串联重复序列（STR）和一个性别特异性牙釉蛋白标记组成的面板，并对其在区分欧洲野生和家养猪亚种、野猪区域种群以及白俄罗斯饲养的家猪主要品种方面的稳健性进行了测试。STR数据集包括栖息在白俄罗斯所有行政区的310头野猪和代表三个本地品系及三个世界性品系的313头家猪。此外，总共对835头野猪进行了基因分型，以检测是否存在家猪特有的黑皮质素1受体（MC1R）等位基因。通过对数似然比（log-LR）来衡量将STR图谱正确分配到适当种群的准确性。所有样本均被正确鉴定为野猪或家猪，平均对数似然比为42.4（似然比=2.6×1018）。另一方面，在来自白俄罗斯的835头基因分型野猪中，多达50头（6.0%）拥有家猪特有的MC1R等位基因，这表明我们的STR分型系统优于基于单个二元标记的传统野猪和家猪区分方法。将野猪分配到其原产地以及将家猪分配到适当品种的平均对数似然比分别为2.3（似然比=9.7）和13.4（似然比=6.6×105）。我们的结果表明，所开发的STR分型系统是区分野生和家养猪亚种以及不同家猪品种的高效工具，也是用于野生动物犯罪法医调查、兽医公共卫生保障、畜牧业亲子鉴定、食品安全管理和畜产品可追溯性目的的猪样本基因身份验证的高效工具。
