Anand Deepika, Puri Seema
Department of Food and Nutrition, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Community Med. 2014 Jul;39(3):161-8. doi: 10.4103/0970-0218.137153.
Importance of nutrition in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is well-established; however, the information regarding the diet quality of people living with HIV (PLHIV) especially in India is lacking.
The objective of this study is to assess the anthropometric and nutritional profile of Indian PLHIV.
The study was performed on 400 adult PLHIV registered at the Antiretroviral Center (ART) center in New Delhi, India. Anthropometric data including height, weight, waist, hip, mid arm, and calf circumferences, were collected; 1-day 24-h dietary recall was done to gather nutrient intake from which nutrient adequacy ratios were computed. Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) was also conducted.
The mean body mass index (BMI) of the sample was 19.73 ± 3.55 kg/m(2) with around 40% having BMI <18.5 kg/m(2) . All anthropometric measurements were found to correlate positively and significantly with CD4 count (P < 0.05). The sample consumed poor quality of diet as they could not meet even the 2/3(rd) of the Indian Council of Medical Research (2010) requirements for energy, protein, calcium, iron, riboflavin, niacin, folic acid, B12, copper, and zinc. Classification of subjects according to MNA indicated that more than 50% of the sample was at-risk of malnutrition and 34% were malnourished. With 40% of sample having BMI less than normal, 50% at risk of malnutrition together with poor nutrient intakes over a long period of time could contribute to further worsening of the nutritional status.
There is a need to develop a database on nutritional profile of PLHIV in India which reinforces the need for development of effective strategies to improve their nutritional status.
营养在人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染中的重要性已得到充分证实；然而，关于印度HIV感染者（PLHIV）饮食质量的信息却十分匮乏。
本研究旨在评估印度PLHIV的人体测量学和营养状况。
本研究对印度新德里抗逆转录病毒治疗中心（ART）登记的400名成年PLHIV进行。收集人体测量数据，包括身高、体重、腰围、臀围、上臂围和小腿围；进行1天24小时饮食回顾以收集营养摄入量，并据此计算营养充足率。同时还进行了微型营养评定（MNA）。
样本的平均体重指数（BMI）为19.73±3.55kg/m²，约40%的人BMI<18.5kg/m²。所有人体测量指标均与CD4细胞计数呈显著正相关（P<0.05）。样本的饮食质量较差，因为他们甚至无法达到印度医学研究理事会（2010年）对能量、蛋白质、钙、铁、核黄素、烟酸、叶酸、维生素B12、铜和锌的2/3需求量。根据MNA对受试者进行分类表明，超过50%的样本存在营养不良风险，34%的人营养不良。40%的样本BMI低于正常水平，50%存在营养不良风险，再加上长期营养摄入不足，可能会导致营养状况进一步恶化。
有必要建立印度PLHIV营养状况数据库，这强化了制定有效策略改善其营养状况的必要性。
