1 Centre for Health, Technologies & Social Practice, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom. 2 Centre for Health Services Research, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom. 3 Academic Unit Adult, Child and Mental Health Nursing, School of Healthcare, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom. 4 Address correspondence to: Ana Manzano, Ph.D., Centre for Health, Technologies and Social Practice, School of Sociology and Social Policy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.
Transplantation. 2014 Sep 27;98(6):600-3. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000000333.
Global institutions, although suggesting measures to deter organ trafficking, reiterate the lack of official statistics about this illegal trade. In this article, we explore the reasons why organ trafficking remains unreported. We argue that the complex factors that perpetuate invisibility facilitate trafficked organs being "laundered" in the health care systems of the purchaser's country, hindering accurate estimation of the problem. The factors are as follows: (a) issues of globalization, jurisdiction, and law enforcement; (b) the power of health care professionals; (c) the reimbursement of transplantation costs abroad by insurers; (d) ambivalence of the victim status of the sellers; and (e) the buyers as vulnerable offenders.
全球各机构虽然提出了一些旨在遏制器官贩卖的措施，但仍重申缺乏有关这一非法交易的官方统计数据。在本文中，我们探讨了器官贩卖仍未被报告的原因。我们认为，导致贩卖器官难以被发现的复杂因素，使得这些器官在购买国的医疗体系中“洗白”，从而阻碍了对这一问题的准确估计。这些因素包括：（a）全球化、司法管辖和执法方面的问题；（b）医疗保健专业人员的权力；（c）保险公司对国外移植费用的报销；（d）卖家受害者身份的矛盾；以及（e）购买者作为弱势罪犯。
