Albertsen Andreas
Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Monash Bioeth Rev. 2025 Jun;43(1):150-165. doi: 10.1007/s40592-025-00232-7. Epub 2025 Mar 1.
While the trade of human organs are illegal and widely condemned, a black market flourishes. Estimates indicate that 10% of kidney transplants from living donors involve illegal payments to the kidney seller. This paper presents a typology for approaches aimed at curtailing the black market in human organs. The policies are evaluated from two perspectives: their ethical permissibility and their expected efficiency in ending and minimizing the trade in human organs. To end or minimize organ trading, we must reduce the organ shortage in order to reduce demand for organs, alleviate poverty to reduce the supply of organs, and disincentivize brokers and medical facilitators through a concerted effort to reduce the profit rate of the international organ trade.
虽然人体器官交易是非法的且广受谴责，但黑市却依然猖獗。据估计，活体捐赠者进行的肾脏移植中，有10%涉及向肾脏卖家非法付款。本文提出了一种旨在遏制人体器官黑市的方法类型学。从两个角度对这些政策进行了评估：它们在伦理上的可允许性以及在终结和减少人体器官交易方面的预期效率。为了终结或减少器官交易，我们必须减少器官短缺以降低对器官的需求，减轻贫困以减少器官供应，并通过共同努力降低国际器官交易的利润率来抑制中间商和医疗协助者。
