Jitnarin Nattinee, Poston Walker S C, Haddock Christopher K, Jahnke Sara A, Day Rena S
Center for Fire Rescue and EMS Health Research, Institute for Biobehavioral Health Research, National Development and Research Institutes, Leawood, KS;
Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2015 Jan;17(1):66-73. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntu131. Epub 2014 Aug 21.
To date, there have been no large-scale, national epidemiological studies of tobacco use patterns among firefighters, particularly with a focus on smokeless tobacco (SLT) and dual use with cigarettes. While rates of firefighters' smoking are relatively low compared to the general population, SLT use typically is substantially higher than the populations they protect. In the current study, we systemically examine tobacco use, including SLT and dual use, and the health-related profiles of various tobacco use groups in a national sample of career firefighters.
Data are from a national cohort study of career departments (N = 20) comprised of 947 male firefighters.
Among 947 participants, 197 (21%) were tobacco users, of which, 34.5% used cigarettes, 53.2% used SLT, and 12.2% used both cigarettes and SLT. Adjusted rates of smoking, SLT use, and dual use were 13.2%, 10.5%, and 12.2%, respectively. Tobacco users of all types were significantly younger and had served fewer years in fire service and were significantly more likely to engage in heavy and binge drinking, as well as more likely to show signs of depressive symptoms compared to nontobacco users.
Detailed information on tobacco use pattern will aid in better understanding what factors are contributing to the high rates of SLT and dual use among firefighters in order to guide and develop an appropriate treatment program for the fire service.
迄今为止，尚未有针对消防员烟草使用模式的大规模全国性流行病学研究，尤其是针对无烟烟草（SLT）以及与香烟的双重使用情况。与普通人群相比，消防员的吸烟率相对较低，但无烟烟草的使用率通常显著高于他们所保护的人群。在本研究中，我们系统地调查了职业消防员全国样本中的烟草使用情况，包括无烟烟草使用和双重使用情况，以及不同烟草使用群体的健康相关特征。
数据来自一项对20个职业消防部门的全国队列研究，样本包括947名男性消防员。
在947名参与者中，197人（21%）为烟草使用者，其中34.5%使用香烟，53.2%使用无烟烟草，12.2%既使用香烟又使用无烟烟草。调整后的吸烟率、无烟烟草使用率和双重使用率分别为13.2%、10.5%和12.2%。与非烟草使用者相比，所有类型的烟草使用者都明显更年轻，从事消防工作的年限更少，并且更有可能大量饮酒和暴饮，也更有可能表现出抑郁症状。
关于烟草使用模式的确切信息将有助于更好地理解哪些因素导致了消防员中无烟烟草和双重使用的高比率，从而为消防部门制定和开发适当的治疗方案提供指导。
