Karnati Hanuma Kumar, Yalagala Ravi Shekar, Undi Rambabu, Pasupuleti Satya Ratan, Gutti Ravi Kumar
Hematologic Oncology, Stem Cells and Blood Disorders Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, (PO) Gachibowli, Hyderabad, AP, 500046, India.
Tumour Biol. 2014 Oct;35(10):9505-21. doi: 10.1007/s13277-014-2477-9. Epub 2014 Aug 23.
Cancer is characterized by uncontrolled cell growth, invasion, and metastasis and possess threat to humans worldwide. The scientific community is facing numerous challenges despite several efforts to cure cancer. Though a number of studies were done earlier, the molecular mechanism of cancer progression is not completely understood. Currently available treatments like surgery resection, adjuvant chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are not completely effective in curing all the cancers. Recent advances in the antisense technology provide a powerful tool to investigate various cancer pathways and target them. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) could be effective in downregulating the cancer-associated genes, but their in vivo delivery is the main obstacle. DNA enzymes (DNAzymes) have great potential in the treatment of cancer due to high selectivity and significant catalytic efficiency. In this review, we are focusing on antisense molecules such as siRNA and DNAzymes in cancer therapeutics development. This review also describes the challenges and approaches to overcome obstacles involved in using siRNA and DNAzymes in the treatment of cancers.
癌症的特征是细胞不受控制地生长、侵袭和转移，对全球人类构成威胁。尽管科学界为治愈癌症付出了诸多努力，但仍面临众多挑战。虽然此前已开展了大量研究，但癌症进展的分子机制尚未完全明晰。目前可用的治疗方法，如手术切除、辅助化疗和放疗，在治愈所有癌症方面并不完全有效。反义技术的最新进展为研究各种癌症途径并靶向这些途径提供了有力工具。小干扰RNA（siRNA）在下调癌症相关基因方面可能有效，但其体内递送是主要障碍。DNA酶（脱氧核酶）由于具有高选择性和显著的催化效率，在癌症治疗中具有巨大潜力。在本综述中，我们重点关注癌症治疗发展中的反义分子，如siRNA和DNA酶。本综述还描述了在癌症治疗中使用siRNA和DNA酶所涉及的挑战以及克服障碍的方法。
