Coutelis Jean-Baptiste, González-Morales Nicanor, Géminard Charles, Noselli Stéphane
Institut de Biologie Valrose University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France CNRS Institut de Biologie Valrose UMR 7277, Nice, France INSERM Institut de Biologie Valrose U1091, Nice, France.
Institut de Biologie Valrose University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France CNRS Institut de Biologie Valrose UMR 7277, Nice, France INSERM Institut de Biologie Valrose U1091, Nice, France
EMBO Rep. 2014 Sep;15(9):926-37. doi: 10.15252/embr.201438972. Epub 2014 Aug 22.
Differentiating left and right hand sides during embryogenesis represents a major event in body patterning. Left-Right (L/R) asymmetry in bilateria is essential for handed positioning, morphogenesis and ultimately the function of organs (including the brain), with defective L/R asymmetry leading to severe pathologies in human. How and when symmetry is initially broken during embryogenesis remains debated and is a major focus in the field. Work done over the past 20 years, in both vertebrate and invertebrate models, has revealed a number of distinct pathways and mechanisms important for establishing L/R asymmetry and for spreading it to tissues and organs. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge and discuss the diversity of L/R patterning from cells to organs during evolution.
在胚胎发育过程中区分左右两侧是身体模式形成中的一个重大事件。两侧对称动物的左右（L/R）不对称对于手性定位、形态发生以及最终器官（包括大脑）的功能至关重要，L/R不对称缺陷会导致人类出现严重疾病。在胚胎发育过程中，对称性最初是如何以及何时被打破的仍存在争议，并且是该领域的一个主要焦点。过去20年在脊椎动物和无脊椎动物模型中所做的工作揭示了许多对于建立L/R不对称以及将其传播到组织和器官很重要的不同途径和机制。在这篇综述中，我们总结了我们目前的知识，并讨论了进化过程中从细胞到器官的L/R模式形成的多样性。
