Dusch Marie N, Braun Hillary J, O'Sullivan Patricia S, Ascher Nancy L
School of Medicine, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Research and Development in Medical Education, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Am J Surg. 2014 Oct;208(4):601-4. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2014.06.005. Epub 2014 Jul 25.
Perceptions underlie bias and drive behavior. This study assessed female surgeons' implicit perceptions of surgeons, with a focus on the roles of sex and demeanor (communal = supportive, associated with women; agentic = assertive, associated with men).
Electronic surveys were administered via the Association of Women Surgeons e-mail listserve to 550 post-training female surgeons. Each survey had one of the 4 possible scenarios that varied by surgeon sex (male/female) and surgeon demeanor (agentic/communal). Respondents rated their perception of the surgeon through 5 questions regarding preference and 5 questions regarding professional opinion (1 to 5 scale).
We received 212 surveys. In both preference and professional scores, female surgeons were rated significantly higher compared with their male counterparts (4.7 vs 4.4 and 4.3 vs 4.0, respectively). Communal surgeons were rated significantly higher versus agentic surgeons in both scores (4.7 vs 4.4 and 4.6 vs 3.7).
Female surgeons demonstrated a significant preference for female surgeons and for communal surgeons.
认知是偏见的基础并驱动行为。本研究评估了女性外科医生对外科医生的隐性认知，重点关注性别和行为方式的作用（友善型 = 支持性的，与女性相关；进取型 = 坚定自信的，与男性相关）。
通过女性外科医生协会的电子邮件列表向550名培训后的女性外科医生进行电子调查。每份调查问卷包含4种可能情景中的一种，情景因外科医生的性别（男/女）和行为方式（进取型/友善型）而异。受访者通过5个关于偏好的问题和5个关于专业意见的问题（1至5分制）对他们对外科医生的认知进行评分。
我们收到了212份调查问卷。在偏好和专业评分方面，女性外科医生的评分均显著高于男性同行（分别为4.7对4.4以及4.3对4.0）。在这两项评分中，友善型外科医生的评分均显著高于进取型外科医生（4.7对4.4以及4.6对3.7）。
女性外科医生对女性外科医生和友善型外科医生表现出显著偏好。
