Ma Jun-Yu, Zhang Teng, Shen Wei, Schatten Heide, Sun Qing Yuan
College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
Protein Cell. 2014 Nov;5(11):827-36. doi: 10.1007/s13238-014-0095-3. Epub 2014 Aug 26.
The active DNA demethylation in early embryos is essential for subsequent development. Although the zygotic genome is globally demethylated, the DNA methylation of imprinted regions, part of repeat sequences and some gamete-specific regions are maintained. Recent evidence has shown that multiple proteins and biological pathways participate in the regulation of active DNA demethylation, such as TET proteins, DNA repair pathways and DNA methyltransferases. Here we review the recent understanding regarding proteins associated with active DNA demethylation and the regulatory networks controlling the active DNA demethylation in early embryos.
早期胚胎中的主动DNA去甲基化对于后续发育至关重要。尽管合子基因组整体发生去甲基化，但印记区域、部分重复序列和一些配子特异性区域的DNA甲基化得以维持。最近的证据表明，多种蛋白质和生物学途径参与了主动DNA去甲基化的调控，如TET蛋白、DNA修复途径和DNA甲基转移酶。在此，我们综述了关于与主动DNA去甲基化相关的蛋白质以及控制早期胚胎中主动DNA去甲基化的调控网络的最新认识。
