Clevström G, Möller T, Göransson B, Liljensjöö A, Ljunggren H
Department of Microbiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala.
Mycopathologia. 1989 Sep;107(2-3):101-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00707545.
In recent years Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin production have been noted on several occasions in grain preserved with formic acid. Samples of mouldy barley treated with formic acid and stored in an open bin were investigated for the presence of fungi. In the lower part of the bin there was a clear dominance of Fusarium sporotrichioides, and deoxynivalenol and neosolaniol were detected. A. flavus and A. fumigatus were also present. Paecilomyces variotii occurred, almost as a pure culture, in the upper part of the bin, but no patulin was found. Cultivation of four fungal isolates from these genera on laboratory substrates containing formic acid showed P. variotii to be the most tolerant to formic acid, withstanding 150 mM, but still without patulin production. F. sporotrichioides and A. fumigatus tolerated only 6 mM formic acid. The growth of A. flavus was reduced and atypical at 60 mM formic acid. Pretreatment of A. flavus spores with formic acid increased aflatoxin production about 800 times.
近年来，在甲酸保存的谷物中多次发现黄曲霉和黄曲霉毒素的产生。对用甲酸处理并储存在敞口仓中的发霉大麦样品进行了真菌检测。在仓的下部，镰刀菌明显占优势，检测到脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇和新茄病镰刀菌烯醇。也存在黄曲霉和烟曲霉。拟青霉几乎以纯培养物的形式出现在仓的上部，但未发现展青霉素。在含有甲酸的实验室培养基上培养这四个属的四种真菌分离物，结果表明拟青霉对甲酸的耐受性最强，能耐受150 mM，但仍不产生展青霉素。腐皮镰刀菌和烟曲霉仅能耐受6 mM甲酸。在60 mM甲酸条件下，黄曲霉的生长受到抑制且形态异常。用甲酸预处理黄曲霉孢子可使黄曲霉毒素产量增加约800倍。
