Castro-Tejerina Jorge
Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, Spain,
Integr Psychol Behav Sci. 2014 Dec;48(4):393-417. doi: 10.1007/s12124-014-9279-x.
This work aims to analyze the relations between psychology as social engineering and self-reflective citizenship from a historiogenetic point of view. Such a connection was founded during modernity; hence our proposal is to study its operative continuity in the postmodern world, taking into account the mismatches due to the new global, multicultural, and technological conditions. Based both on the theory of activity and the concept of semiosphere, the interaction and discussions of a group of Spanish students of psychology in a virtual forum were analyzed. They were asked to negotiate and co-construct their double condition of citizens and future psychologists in connection with the controversial exhibition of religious symbols in Spanish schools. Results show that students segregate both conditions. On one hand, they agree and consolidate the neutral image of a professional psychologist being respectful with the multicultural world. On the other hand, they argue about the citizen and religious topics from a personal or ideological point of view, establishing limits to multiculturalism. Neither the interchange of ideas nor the writing-reading features of the virtual artefacts improved the reflexivity on the close dependencies and contradictions of the two identity domains. This great resilience is due to a sociocultural context -the Western World- where psychology has been constituted as a neutral, objective Science World, one of whose socio-historical products - reflective citizenship- has evolved until proclaiming his/her autonomous agency, forgetting any root in the social engineering.
这项工作旨在从历史发生学的角度分析作为社会工程的心理学与自我反思型公民身份之间的关系。这种联系形成于现代性时期；因此，我们的提议是研究其在后现代世界中的运作连续性，同时考虑到由于新的全球、多元文化和技术条件所导致的不匹配情况。基于活动理论和符号界的概念，对一群西班牙心理学专业学生在虚拟论坛中的互动和讨论进行了分析。要求他们就西班牙学校有争议的宗教符号展示问题，协商并共同构建他们作为公民和未来心理学家的双重身份。结果表明，学生们将这两种身份区分开来。一方面，他们认同并强化了专业心理学家对多元文化世界保持尊重的中立形象。另一方面，他们从个人或意识形态的角度就公民和宗教话题展开争论，为多元文化主义设定了界限。无论是思想的交流，还是虚拟制品的读写特征，都没有提高对两个身份领域之间紧密依存关系和矛盾的反思能力。这种强大的韧性归因于一种社会文化背景——西方世界，在这个背景下，心理学已被构建为一个中立、客观的科学世界，其社会历史产物之一——反思型公民身份——不断演变，直至宣称其自主能动性，却忘却了与社会工程的任何根源联系。
