[Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonacidotic syndrome in type I and II diabetics].

The author analyzes 46 hyperglycaemic comatose conditions in diabetics treated at the medical clinic of the Paediatric Faculty, Charles University Prague in 1978-1985. In the group older patients with type II diabetes predominated, where acute decompensation was frequently of the hyperosmolar type without acidosis and it was usually associated with a higher mortality. The cause of the metabolic breakdown was most frequently infection, in type II diabetes, however, an equally important part was played by acute cardiovascular disease. Insulin was administered in small doses by the i.v. route either as a continuous infusion or in fractionated doses. The results of both procedures were comparable only the insulin requirement in the fractionated doses was higher.