Paxton Joseph M, Greene Joshua D
Department of Psychology, Harvard University.
Top Cogn Sci. 2010 Jul;2(3):511-27. doi: 10.1111/j.1756-8765.2010.01096.x. Epub 2010 May 13.
Recent research in moral psychology highlights the role of emotion and intuition in moral judgment. In the wake of these findings, the role and significance of moral reasoning remain uncertain. In this article, we distinguish among different kinds of moral reasoning and review evidence suggesting that at least some kinds of moral reasoning play significant roles in moral judgment, including roles in abandoning moral intuitions in the absence of justifying reasons, applying both deontological and utilitarian moral principles, and counteracting automatic tendencies toward bias that would otherwise dominate behavior. We argue that little is known about the psychology of moral reasoning and that it may yet prove to be a potent social force.
近期道德心理学研究凸显了情感和直觉在道德判断中的作用。基于这些研究结果,道德推理的作用和意义仍不明确。在本文中,我们区分了不同类型的道德推理,并审视了相关证据,这些证据表明至少某些类型的道德推理在道德判断中发挥着重要作用,包括在缺乏正当理由时摒弃道德直觉、应用道义论和功利主义道德原则,以及抵消否则会主导行为的自动偏见倾向。我们认为,目前对道德推理心理学知之甚少,它可能最终被证明是一种强大的社会力量。