Zink Alexander, Papanagiotou Vasileios, Todorova Antonia, Seidl Hans-Peter, Niedermeier Andrea, Ring Johannes, Traidl-Hoffmann Claudia
Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Biederstein, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
Mycoses. 2014 Dec;57(12):765-70. doi: 10.1111/myc.12242. Epub 2014 Sep 1.
After experiencing an unusually high number of Microsporum (M.) audouinii infections at our hospital within only a few weeks, we began to investigate and control an outbreak in Munich, Germany. Main goals of our health management were to treat infected persons, identify extent and form of transmission and to prevent new infections. We analysed data from structured interviews with patients and mycological cultures of swabs taken of patients and investigated involved public facilities. Outbreak management included antifungal treatment of patients, decontamination of affected facilities, the introduction of a temporary kindergarten ban for M. audouinii positive children and the organisation of educational meetings. Between March and August 2011, 16 children and 4 adults were identified with M. audouinii infections. The fungus was brought to Munich by the index patients from a family vacation in Africa and then spread to fellow children in kindergarten and subsequently to their families. All patients were treated successfully and the epidemic was declared ceased after 40 weeks but causing considerable financial damage. Due to travelling and migration, M. audouinii infections will rise in Germany and Europe. Sufficient and sustainable strategies are needed for the management of future outbreaks of highly contagious fungi.
在短短几周内，我院收治了数量异常多的奥杜盎小孢子菌（M. audouinii）感染病例后，我们开始对德国慕尼黑的一次疫情爆发展开调查与防控。我们健康管理的主要目标是治疗感染者、确定传播范围和形式并预防新的感染。我们分析了对患者进行结构化访谈的数据以及取自患者的拭子的真菌培养结果，并对相关公共设施进行了调查。疫情防控措施包括对患者进行抗真菌治疗、对受影响设施进行消毒、对奥杜盎小孢子菌检测呈阳性的儿童实施临时幼儿园入园禁令以及组织教育会议。在2011年3月至8月期间，共确诊16名儿童和4名成人感染了奥杜盎小孢子菌。该真菌由首例患者从非洲家庭度假带回慕尼黑，随后传播至幼儿园的其他儿童，进而扩散到他们的家人。所有患者均得到成功治疗，疫情在40周后宣告结束，但造成了相当大的经济损失。由于旅行和移民因素，德国和欧洲的奥杜盎小孢子菌感染病例将会增加。应对未来高传染性真菌疫情爆发需要充分且可持续的策略。
