Marcum Christopher Steven
RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA.
Res Aging. 2013 Sep;35(5):612-640. doi: 10.1177/0164027512453468.
The extent to which older and younger people do different activities when they are with others and when they are alone is examined in this article. I leverage interpersonal data in combination with information on activities from the American Time Use Survey to shed light on the long held finding that older people have less social contact than younger people. The results show that, net of intervening factors, age is associated with declines in time spent with others for virtually all types of time use. However, the variety of activities that older and younger people do also differs. Using leisure activities to probe this finding reveals that, when older people spend time with others it tends to be during activities that are social activities-such as attending parties-but that this is not necessarily the case for younger people. The literature on time use and aging is discussed in light of these findings and a new hypothesis on agency in the life course is proposed.
本文探讨了老年人和年轻人在与他人相处以及独处时进行不同活动的程度。我利用人际数据并结合美国时间使用调查中的活动信息,以阐明长期以来的一个发现:老年人的社交接触比年轻人少。结果表明,在排除干预因素后,几乎对于所有类型的时间使用,年龄都与和他人相处时间的减少有关。然而,老年人和年轻人所进行活动的种类也有所不同。通过休闲活动来探究这一发现发现,当老年人与他人共度时光时,往往是在诸如参加聚会等社交活动期间,但年轻人未必如此。根据这些发现对时间使用与老龄化的文献进行了讨论,并提出了一个关于生命历程中能动性的新假设。