Department of Psychology, Temple University Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Front Psychol. 2014 Aug 20;5:929. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00929. eCollection 2014.
The value of studying a phenomenon at multiple levels of analysis is often emphasized in psychology, but a lack of clarity about the nature of levels and the relations among them remains an impediment to progress. The suggestion here is that an approach combining the tenets of embodiment with the construct of the developmental system provides a way forward. Embodiment opposes the splitting off and elevation of a level of mechanisms that has characterized much of cognitive science. In contrast, a constructivist embodied approach places a level of mechanisms in the context of a formal or systems level of analysis, with developmental process framing the interpenetrating relations between levels. Such an approach stems from a relational worldview that opposes conceptual splits and posits that levels of structure and process comprise an indissociable complementarity. The combination of embodiment and developmental systems within a relational worldview is discussed and elaborated through outlining the integrative approach of relational developmental systems, which has been proposed as a scientific paradigm within which formulations of the interrelations among brain, body, and mind can be advanced.
在心理学中，经常强调在多个分析层次上研究现象的价值，但对层次的本质及其之间关系的不明确仍然是进展的障碍。这里的建议是，结合体现论和发展系统的结构的方法提供了一种前进的方式。体现论反对将认知科学的大部分特征是分裂和提升机制的水平。相比之下，建构主义的体现方法将机制的一个水平置于形式或系统分析的水平中，发展过程构成了水平之间相互渗透的关系。这种方法源自反对概念分裂的关系世界观，并假定结构和过程的水平构成了不可分割的互补性。通过概述关系发展系统的综合方法，讨论并详细阐述了在关系世界观中体现和发展系统的结合，该方法已被提议作为一种科学范式，在该范式中可以提出大脑、身体和思维之间相互关系的表述。
