Anderson Jeri L, Mertens Christopher J, Grajewski Barbara, Luo Lian, Tseng Chih-Yu, Cassinelli Rick T
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 2014 Aug;85(8):828-32. doi: 10.3357/ASEM.3989.2014.
Research has suggested that work as a flight attendant may be related to increased risk for reproductive health effects. Air cabin exposures that may influence reproductive health include radiation dose from galactic cosmic radiation and solar particle events. This paper describes the assessment of radiation dose accrued during solar particle events as part of a reproductive health study of flight attendants.
Solar storm data were obtained from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Space Weather Prediction Center list of solar proton events affecting the Earth environment to ascertain storms relevant to the two study periods (1992-1996 and 1999-2001). Radiation dose from exposure to solar energetic particles was estimated using the NAIRAS model in conjunction with galactic cosmic radiation dose calculated using the CARI-6P computer program.
Seven solar particle events were determined to have potential for significant radiation exposure, two in the first study period and five in the second study period, and over-lapped with 24,807 flight segments. Absorbed (and effective) flight segment doses averaged 6.5 μGy (18 μSv) and 3.1 μGy (8.3 μSv) for the first and second study periods, respectively. Maximum doses were as high as 440 μGy (1.2 mSv) and 20 flight segments had doses greater than 190 μGy (0.5 mSv).
During solar particle events, a pregnant flight attendant could potentially exceed the equivalent dose limit to the conceptus of 0.5 mSv in a month recommended by the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements.
研究表明，空乘工作可能与生殖健康影响风险增加有关。可能影响生殖健康的机舱暴露包括银河宇宙辐射和太阳粒子事件产生的辐射剂量。本文描述了作为空乘人员生殖健康研究一部分的太阳粒子事件期间累积辐射剂量的评估。
从美国国家海洋和大气管理局空间天气预报中心列出的影响地球环境的太阳质子事件中获取太阳风暴数据，以确定与两个研究时期（1992 - 1996年和1999 - 2001年）相关的风暴。使用NAIRAS模型结合使用CARI - 6P计算机程序计算的银河宇宙辐射剂量来估计暴露于太阳高能粒子的辐射剂量。
确定有七次太阳粒子事件有可能造成显著辐射暴露，第一次研究时期有两次，第二次研究时期有五次，并且与24,807个航班航段重叠。第一次和第二次研究时期的吸收（和有效）航班航段剂量平均分别为6.5微戈瑞（18微希沃特）和3.1微戈瑞（8.3微希沃特）。最大剂量高达440微戈瑞（1.2毫希沃特），20个航班航段的剂量大于190微戈瑞（0.5毫希沃特）。
在太阳粒子事件期间，怀孕的空乘人员可能会超过美国国家辐射防护与测量委员会建议的一个月内对胎儿0.5毫希沃特的当量剂量限值。
