Chouchene I, Derouiche K, Ben Halim N, Merdassi A, Limaiem R, Abdelhak S, El Matri L
"Oculogenetics" Research Unit, Department B, Hedi Rais Institute of Ophthalmology, boulevard 9 Avril, 1006 Bab Saadoun, Tunis, Tunisia.
"Oculogenetics" Research Unit, Department B, Hedi Rais Institute of Ophthalmology, boulevard 9 Avril, 1006 Bab Saadoun, Tunis, Tunisia.
J Fr Ophtalmol. 2014 Nov;37(9):695-701. doi: 10.1016/j.jfo.2014.03.010. Epub 2014 Sep 8.
To assess vision loss, identify affected anatomical sites, determine etiologies and potentially avoidable causes in students attending two institutions for the visually disabled in Tunis city.
A visit for a complete ophthalmological examination was performed. All students attending these schools were recruited in our study. The World Health Organisation Programme for the Prevention of Blindness (WHO/PBL) examination record for children was used. Data was analysed by the SPSS version 17 statistical software.
A total of 172 students were recruited with mean age of 11.9±3.3 years (between 6 and 18 years). One hundred and thirty-seven (79.6%) were under 16 years. The sex-ratio was 1.17. Ninety students (52.3%) had low vision and eighty-two (47.7%) were blind. We reported retina (29%), whole globe (29%), globe appears normal (11%) and optic nerve (9.8%) as the common sites of ocular abnormalities. Retinal dystrophy (22.7%) and congenital glaucoma (22.7%) were the most reported ocular diseases. The main etiologies were hereditary (54.1%) and unknown (30.8%). Consanguinity was reported in 108 students (62.8%), and fifty-five students (32%) had a positive family history. Overall, 50.5% (87/172) of ocular diseases were potentially treatable or preventable.
Retinal dystrophy and congenital glaucoma were the most common eye diseases. Heredity was the main etiology, and consanguinity was high. To decrease their incidence, awareness of the family members of the risks of consanguinous marriage and appropriate therapy for congenital glaucoma/cataract may significantly improve the child's visual prognosis.
评估突尼斯市两所视障人士机构的学生的视力丧失情况，确定受影响的解剖部位，查明病因以及潜在的可避免病因。
进行一次全面眼科检查就诊。本研究纳入了所有就读于这些学校的学生。采用世界卫生组织儿童预防盲症计划（WHO/PBL）检查记录。数据使用SPSS 17版统计软件进行分析。
共纳入172名学生，平均年龄为11.9±3.3岁（6至18岁）。137名（79.6%）年龄在16岁以下。性别比为1.17。90名学生（52.3%）视力低下，82名（47.7%）失明。我们报告视网膜（29%）、整个眼球（29%）、眼球外观正常（11%）和视神经（9.8%）是眼部异常的常见部位。视网膜营养不良（22.7%）和先天性青光眼（22.7%）是报告最多的眼部疾病。主要病因是遗传性（54.1%）和不明原因（30.8%）。108名学生（62.8%）有近亲结婚情况，55名学生（32%）有阳性家族史。总体而言，50.5%（87/172）的眼部疾病是潜在可治疗或可预防的。
视网膜营养不良和先天性青光眼是最常见的眼部疾病。遗传是主要病因，近亲结婚率高。为降低其发病率，提高家庭成员对近亲结婚风险的认识以及对先天性青光眼/白内障进行适当治疗可能会显著改善儿童的视力预后。
