Rodriguez Alberto, Martínez Juan A, Flores Noemí, Escalante Adelfo, Gosset Guillermo, Bolivar Francisco
Microb Cell Fact. 2014 Sep 9;13(1):126. doi: 10.1186/s12934-014-0126-z.
The production of aromatic amino acids using fermentation processes with recombinant microorganisms can be an advantageous approach to reach their global demands. In addition, a large array of compounds with alimentary and pharmaceutical applications can potentially be synthesized from intermediates of this metabolic pathway. However, contrary to other amino acids and primary metabolites, the artificial channelling of building blocks from central metabolism towards the aromatic amino acid pathway is complicated to achieve in an efficient manner. The length and complex regulation of this pathway have progressively called for the employment of more integral approaches, promoting the merge of complementary tools and techniques in order to surpass metabolic and regulatory bottlenecks. As a result, relevant insights on the subject have been obtained during the last years, especially with genetically modified strains of Escherichia coli. By combining metabolic engineering strategies with developments in synthetic biology, systems biology and bioprocess engineering, notable advances were achieved regarding the generation, characterization and optimization of E. coli strains for the overproduction of aromatic amino acids, some of their precursors and related compounds. In this paper we review and compare recent successful reports dealing with the modification of metabolic traits to attain these objectives.
利用重组微生物通过发酵工艺生产芳香族氨基酸可能是满足全球需求的一种有利方法。此外，大量具有食品和医药应用的化合物有可能从该代谢途径的中间体合成。然而，与其他氨基酸和初级代谢产物不同，要以高效方式实现将中心代谢的构建模块人工引导至芳香族氨基酸途径是复杂的。该途径的长度和复杂调控逐渐要求采用更综合的方法，促进互补工具和技术的融合，以突破代谢和调控瓶颈。因此，在过去几年中已获得了关于该主题的相关见解，特别是利用基因工程改造的大肠杆菌菌株。通过将代谢工程策略与合成生物学、系统生物学和生物过程工程的发展相结合，在用于过量生产芳香族氨基酸、其一些前体和相关化合物的大肠杆菌菌株的构建、表征和优化方面取得了显著进展。在本文中，我们回顾并比较了近期有关修饰代谢特性以实现这些目标的成功报道。
