Slowinska-Lisowska Malgorzata, Zembron-Lacny A, Rynkiewicz M, Rynkiewicz T, Kopec W
University School of Physical Education Department of Sports Medicine and Nutrition Paderewski Avenue 35 51-612 Wroclaw Poland.
University of Zielona Gora Department of Physical Education Zielona Gora Poland.
Acta Physiol Hung. 2014 Dec;101(4):461-70. doi: 10.1556/APhysiol.101.2014.008.
Carnosine is a dipeptide formed from the amino acids β-alanine and histidine and found in large amounts in the brain and muscle, especially fast twitch muscle. Carnosine has an antioxidant role and accounts for about 10% of the muscle's ability to buffer the H+ ions produced by high intensity exercise. Due to the interesting role of carnosine, the aim of the study was observe the effects of carnosine intake on pro-antioxidant status in highly trained athletes exposed to intense exercise.Fourteen male athletes from the Polish national kayak and canoe teams participated in placebo-controlled and cross-over study. The athletes were supplemented with 4 g/d carnosine for 14 days. Blood samples were collected before and 30 min, 24 h and 48 h after 2000 m exercise trial. In blood, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitric oxide (NO), markers of RO/NS activity 8-isoprostanes and 3-nitrotyrosine, total (GSHt) and oxidised glutathione (GSSG), antioxidant status (APO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined. There were not observed statistically significant differences in exercise-induced changes in H2O2 and NO concentrations and SOD activity after carnosine intake. However, carnosine prevented an increase in 8-isoprostanes, 3-nitrotyrosine and GSSG concentrations as well as elevated redox status (GSHt-2GSSG)/GSSG at post-exercise period.Although, oral supplementation with 4 g carnosine did not affect RO/NS generation, it significantly attenuated exercise-induced glutathione loss, reduced oxidation/nitration markers concentration and SOD activity. These results suggest that carnosine could provide antioxidative protection for highly trained athletes.
肌肽是一种由β-丙氨酸和组氨酸形成的二肽，大量存在于大脑和肌肉中，尤其是快肌纤维。肌肽具有抗氧化作用，约占肌肉缓冲高强度运动产生的H⁺离子能力的10%。由于肌肽的有趣作用，本研究的目的是观察摄入肌肽对高强度运动的高水平运动员抗氧化状态的影响。14名来自波兰国家皮划艇队的男性运动员参与了安慰剂对照交叉研究。运动员补充4g/d肌肽，持续14天。在2000m运动试验前、后30分钟、24小时和48小时采集血样。测定血液中的过氧化氢（H₂O₂）、一氧化氮（NO）、RO/NS活性标志物8-异前列腺素和3-硝基酪氨酸、总谷胱甘肽（GSHt）和氧化型谷胱甘肽（GSSG）、抗氧化状态（APO）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）。摄入肌肽后，运动诱导的H₂O₂和NO浓度变化以及SOD活性没有统计学上的显著差异。然而，肌肽可防止运动后8-异前列腺素、3-硝基酪氨酸和GSSG浓度升高以及氧化还原状态（GSHt-2GSSG）/GSSG升高。虽然口服4g肌肽不影响RO/NS的产生，但它能显著减轻运动诱导的谷胱甘肽损失，降低氧化/硝化标志物浓度和SOD活性。这些结果表明，肌肽可为高水平运动员提供抗氧化保护。
