Li J, Liu L
Math Biosci. 1989 Oct;96(2):185-94. doi: 10.1016/0025-5564(89)90058-8.
A nonlinear ESS model is put forward, that is, a nonnegative exponential ESS model. For a simple case, we discuss the existence, uniqueness, and stability of an ESS. As an application of the model, we give a quantitative analysis of frequency-dependent selection in population genetics when the rare type has an advantage.