Smart Colette M, Segalowitz Sidney J, Mulligan Bryce P, MacDonald Stuart W S
Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada; Centre on Aging, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada.
Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L25 3A1, Canada; Jack & Nora Walker Centre for Lifespan Development Research, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L25 3A1, Canada.
Biol Psychol. 2014 Dec;103:144-51. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2014.08.016. Epub 2014 Sep 6.
Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) has recently been proposed as the earliest stage of pathologic cognitive decline in older adults. Longitudinal research suggests that many individuals with SCD go on to develop mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease. However, those with SCD typically appear normal on standardized neuropsychological testing, and as of yet there are no reliable objective measures discriminating those with SCD from healthy peers. Two groups of healthy older adults (ages 65-80), who self-identified as being with (n=17) or without SCD (n=23), completed self-report measures and objective measures of cognition. Groups did not differ on demographic variables, estimated cognitive reserve, or clinical neuropsychological testing. However, self-identifying as having SCD predicted clear differences in the P3 event-related potential in response to an attention control task, over and above any contributions from mood, anxiety, or neuroticism. Results suggest that using direct neural measures of information processing might be useful where standardized clinical tools are insensitive in those with SCD.
主观认知衰退（SCD）最近被认为是老年人病理性认知衰退的最早阶段。纵向研究表明，许多患有SCD的个体随后会发展为轻度认知障碍或阿尔茨海默病。然而，患有SCD的人在标准化神经心理学测试中通常表现正常，并且目前尚无可靠的客观指标来区分患有SCD的人与健康同龄人。两组健康的老年人（年龄在65 - 80岁之间），一组自我认定患有SCD（n = 17），另一组自我认定未患有SCD（n = 23），完成了自我报告测量和认知的客观测量。两组在人口统计学变量、估计的认知储备或临床神经心理学测试方面没有差异。然而，自我认定患有SCD预示着在注意力控制任务中，P3事件相关电位会出现明显差异，这超出了情绪、焦虑或神经质的任何影响。结果表明，在标准化临床工具对患有SCD的人不敏感的情况下，使用信息处理的直接神经测量方法可能会有所帮助。
