泰国湾孔克拉班湾蓝蟹（远海梭子蟹，Portunus pelagicus，林奈，1758年）可持续管理的资源评估
A Stock Assessment of the Blue Swimming Crab Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758) for Sustainable Management in Kung Krabaen Bay, Gulf of Thailand.
作者信息
Kunsook Chutapa, Gajaseni Nantana, Paphavasit Nittharatana
机构信息
Biological Science Program, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
出版信息
Trop Life Sci Res. 2014 Aug;25(1):41-59.
A stock assessment of blue swimming crabs, Portunus pelagicus was conducted with crab gill nets and collapsible crab traps at Kung Krabaen Bay, in the eastern Gulf of Thailand, from 2008 to 2009. Several key indicators show that P. pelagicus population is in crisis. Fishing mortality shows an increase to 4.14. The exploitation rate is 0.71, higher than the optimal value of 0.38. The size of the mature females has also decreased from 8.10±0.39 cm to 7.52±1.14 cm. The average fecundity is 0.572×10(6)±0.261×10(6) eggs per batch, and the sex ratio (male:female) is 1:0.92. Based on these results, a sustainable management program for P. pelagicus was proposed as follows: (i) closing the bay during the spawning season, (ii) restoration of the Enhalus acoroides seagrass beds, (iii) restocking crab larvae in the bay and (iv) educating and networking all stakeholders to develop a better understanding of the ecology of the crab to support sustainable fishery management in Kung Krabaen Bay.
2008年至2009年期间，在泰国湾东部的孔克拉班湾，使用蟹鳃网和可折叠蟹笼对远海梭子蟹（Portunus pelagicus）进行了种群评估。多项关键指标表明，远海梭子蟹种群正处于危机之中。捕捞死亡率增至4.14。开发率为0.71，高于最佳值0.38。成熟雌蟹的尺寸也从8.10±0.39厘米降至7.52±1.14厘米。平均每批产卵量为0.572×10(6)±0.261×10(6)枚卵，雌雄比例为1:0.92。基于这些结果，提出了一项针对远海梭子蟹的可持续管理计划，内容如下：（i）在产卵季节关闭海湾；（ii）恢复海菖蒲海草床；（iii）在海湾投放蟹苗；（iv）对所有利益相关者进行教育并建立网络，以更好地了解蟹类生态，支持孔克拉班湾的可持续渔业管理。
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