Kunsook Chutapa, Dumrongrojwatthana Pongchai
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rambhai Barni Rajabhat University, Chanthaburi Province 22000, Thailand.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
Trop Life Sci Res. 2017 Jan;28(1):45-67. doi: 10.21315/tlsr2017.28.1.4.
The diversity and abundance of marine crabs from a collapsible crab trap fishery at Kung Krabaen Bay, Gulf of Thailand, were observed from August 2012 to June 2013 using 10 sampling stations. The results showed that there were seven families, 11 genera and 17 species (two anomuran and 15 brachyuran crabs). The two anomuran species were (1,710 individuals) and (558 individuals). For brachyuran crabs, Portunidae was the most common family, including 10 species. The dominant species of brachyuran crabs included (897 individuals), (806 individuals), (344 individuals), sp. (201 individuals), and (100 individuals). The abundance of crabs was affected by the habitat type. Anomuran crabs had the highest abundance in seagrass beds, whilst brachyurans had the highest abundance in seagrass beds. The dominant brachyuran species were found in pelagic areas near the bay mouth, such as , , , , , , and . Lastly, reforested mangroves were important habitats for and . Seasonal and physical factors influenced the abundance of some crabs, for example, the abundance of was correlated with temperature, and the abundance of was correlated with transparency depth. Our results revealed that Kung Krabaen Bay serves as the home to many marine crab species; however, our results also revealed that 49% of the harvested crabs (2,308 out of 4,694 individuals) were simply discarded and subsequently died. Moreover, our research noted that eight non-target species will become target species in the near future. Therefore, research on the reproductive biology of some marine crabs and an improved understanding of the importance of marine crabs by local fishermen are necessary to prevent biodiversity degradation and loss in this area.
2012年8月至2013年6月期间，在泰国湾孔克拉班湾一个可折叠蟹笼渔场，通过10个采样站对海洋蟹类的多样性和丰度进行了观测。结果显示，共有7科、11属、17种蟹类（2种异尾下目蟹和15种短尾下目蟹）。两种异尾下目蟹分别为（1710只个体）和（558只个体）。对于短尾下目蟹来说，梭子蟹科是最常见的科，包含10个物种。短尾下目蟹的优势种包括（897只个体）、（806只个体）、（344只个体）、sp.（201只个体）和（100只个体）。蟹类的丰度受栖息地类型影响。异尾下目蟹在海草床中丰度最高，而短尾下目蟹在海草床中丰度最高。优势短尾下目物种见于湾口附近的远洋区域，如、、、、、、和。最后，重新造林的红树林是和的重要栖息地。季节和物理因素影响了一些蟹类的丰度，例如，的丰度与温度相关，而的丰度与透明度深度相关。我们的结果表明，孔克拉班湾是许多海洋蟹类物种的家园；然而，我们的结果还表明，49%的捕获蟹（4694只个体中的2308只）被直接丢弃，随后死亡。此外，我们的研究指出，8种非目标物种在不久的将来将成为目标物种。因此，有必要对一些海洋蟹类的生殖生物学进行研究，并提高当地渔民对海洋蟹类重要性的认识，以防止该地区生物多样性的退化和丧失。
