Dávila-Cervantes Claudio Alberto, Pardo-Montaño Ana Melisa
Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales sede México, México.
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2014 Jul;36(1):10-6.
To quantify the magnitude and explain the trends and impact of death by homicide in Colombia and Mexico between 2000 and 2011 at the national level and by sex.
Data were obtained from national homicide statistics (Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística [DANE], Colombia; and Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía [INEGI], Mexico). Standardized death rates and years of life lost (YLL) were calculated (the latter assuming zero mortality) in people 15–49 years old.
In Colombia, between 2000 and 2002, deaths by homicide increased from 71.3 to 76.7 per 100 000 (7.5%); by 2011 this figure had fallen to 36.1. YLL in the same period increased to 0.58 years overall, reducing temporary life expectancy by one year in men and 0.1 years in women. Between 2002 and 2011, YLL was 0.45 years in both sexes: 0.83 in men and 0.07 in women. This decline occurred mainly in persons over 45 years of age. In Mexico, between 2000 and 2007, homicide rates fell from 10.8 to 8.2 per 100,000 and YLL dropped by 24%. Between 2008 and 2011, mortality and YLL increased significantly in both sexes (191.2% and 164.5%, respectively), reducing life expectancy by 0.39 years in men and 0.04 years in women.
It was corroborated that there has been a decline in deaths by homicide in Colombia and a significant rise in Mexico after a period of continuous reduction. Numerous actions should be taken to continue reducing homicides in Colombia and to reverse the current trend in Mexico.
在国家层面按性别对2000年至2011年期间哥伦比亚和墨西哥因杀人罪导致的死亡数量进行量化，并解释其趋势和影响。
数据来自国家杀人罪统计资料（哥伦比亚国家统计局[DANE]；墨西哥国家统计与地理研究所[INEGI]）。计算了15至49岁人群的标准化死亡率和生命损失年数（YLL）（后者假设死亡率为零）。
在哥伦比亚，2000年至2002年期间，杀人罪导致的死亡率从每10万人71.3例增至76.7例（增长7.5%）；到2011年，这一数字降至36.1例。同期生命损失年数总体增至0.58年，男性预期寿命缩短1年，女性缩短0.1年。2002年至2011年期间，两性的生命损失年数均为0.45年：男性为0.83年，女性为0.07年。这种下降主要发生在45岁以上人群中。在墨西哥，2000年至2007年期间，杀人罪死亡率从每10万人10.8例降至8.2例，生命损失年数下降了24%。20
证实了哥伦比亚杀人罪导致的死亡人数有所下降，而墨西哥在经历一段持续下降期后杀人罪导致的死亡人数显著上升。应采取众多行动继续减少哥伦比亚的杀人罪数量，并扭转墨西哥目前的趋势。
