Moan Johan, Grigalavicius Mantas, Baturaite Zivile, Dahlback Arne, Juzeniene Asta
Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2015 Jan;31(1):26-35. doi: 10.1111/phpp.12139. Epub 2014 Oct 13.
The incidence rates of skin cancer increase with decreasing latitude in most western countries. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a main risk factor for skin cancer.
We have studied the relationship between UV exposure and skin cancer incidence rates of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and cutaneous melanoma (CM), and tried to fit different mathematical models to the experimental data.
The incidence-UV exposure relationship for all three cancers is best described by the power law: ln(RTD) = Ab ·ln(annual UVEry dose), with relative tumor density (RTD) being age-adjusted incidence rate per unit area of skin, and the power parameter Ab being the biological amplification factor. For SCC, the RTD is a factor of 16-19 times larger on the head than on the trunk. For BCC, this factor is 7 and for CM it is 0.9-1.3. Ab for CM has remained almost unchanged from the 1960s until recently.
The incidence-sun exposure relationship for all three cancers is well described by the power law. SCC is dependent on total UV exposures, while BCC, and even more CM, is dependent also on exposure patterns, with intermittent exposures being most carcinogenic.
在大多数西方国家，皮肤癌的发病率随着纬度降低而升高。紫外线（UV）辐射是皮肤癌的主要风险因素。
我们研究了紫外线暴露与鳞状细胞癌（SCC）、基底细胞癌（BCC）和皮肤黑色素瘤（CM）的皮肤癌发病率之间的关系，并尝试将不同的数学模型拟合到实验数据中。
所有这三种癌症的发病率与紫外线暴露的关系最好用幂律来描述：ln（RTD）= Ab·ln（年度紫外线暴露剂量），其中相对肿瘤密度（RTD）是经年龄调整的每单位皮肤面积的发病率，幂参数Ab是生物放大因子。对于SCC，头部的RTD比躯干上的大16 - 19倍。对于BCC，这个因子是7，对于CM是0.9 - 1.3。从20世纪60年代到最近，CM的Ab几乎保持不变。
幂律很好地描述了所有这三种癌症的发病率与阳光暴露的关系。SCC取决于总的紫外线暴露，而BCC，甚至更多的CM，也取决于暴露模式，间歇性暴露最具致癌性。
