Stapinski Lexine A, Araya Ricardo, Heron Jon, Montgomery Alan A, Stallard Paul
a School of Social and Community Medicine , University of Bristol , Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol , BS8 2BN , UK.
Anxiety Stress Coping. 2015;28(1):105-20. doi: 10.1080/10615806.2014.962023. Epub 2014 Oct 15.
Peer victimization is ubiquitous across schools and cultures, and has the potential for long-lasting effects on the well-being of victims. To date, research has focused on the consequences of peer victimization during childhood but neglected adolescence. Peer relationships and approval become increasingly important during adolescence; thus, peer victimization at this age may have a damaging psychological impact.
Participants were 5030 adolescents aged 11-16 recruited from secondary schools in the UK. Self-report measures of victimization and symptoms of anxiety and depression were administered on three occasions over a 12-month period. Latent growth models examined concurrent and prospective victimization-related elevations in anxiety and depression symptoms above individual-specific growth trajectories.
Peer victimization was associated with a concurrent elevation of 0.64 and 0.56 standard deviations in depression and anxiety scores, respectively. There was an independent delayed effect, with additional elevations in depression and anxiety (0.28 and 0.25 standard deviations) six months later. These concurrent and prospective associations were independent of expected symptom trajectories informed by individual risk factors.
Adolescent peer victimization was associated with immediate and delayed elevations in anxiety and depression. Early intervention aimed at identifying and supporting victimized adolescents may prevent the development of these disorders.
同伴欺凌在各个学校和文化中普遍存在，并且有可能对受害者的幸福产生持久影响。迄今为止，研究主要集中在儿童期同伴欺凌的后果上，而忽视了青少年期。同伴关系和认可在青少年期变得越来越重要；因此，这个年龄段的同伴欺凌可能会产生有害的心理影响。
参与者为从英国中学招募的5030名11至16岁的青少年。在12个月的时间里分三次进行了关于欺凌受害情况以及焦虑和抑郁症状的自我报告测量。潜在增长模型检验了在个体特定的增长轨迹之上，与受害情况相关的焦虑和抑郁症状的并发和前瞻性升高情况。
同伴欺凌分别与抑郁和焦虑得分同时升高0.64和0.56个标准差有关。存在独立的延迟效应，六个月后抑郁和焦虑进一步升高（分别为0.28和0.25个标准差）。这些并发和前瞻性关联独立于由个体风险因素所决定的预期症状轨迹。
青少年同伴欺凌与焦虑和抑郁的即时及延迟升高有关。旨在识别和支持受欺凌青少年的早期干预可能会预防这些障碍的发展。
