Scott R V, Tan T M, Bloom S R
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
J Physiol. 2014 Dec 1;592(23):5153-67. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2014.272955. Epub 2014 Sep 12.
Bayliss and Starling first coined the term 'hormone' with reference to secretin, a substance they found that was produced by the gut, but released into the blood stream to act at a distance. The intestine is now known as the largest endocrine organ in the body, and it produces numerous hormones with a wide range of functions. These include controlling appetite and energy homeostasis. Obesity is one of the greatest health threats facing the world today. At present, the only successful treatment is surgery. Bariatric procedures such as the Roux-en-Y bypass work by elevating gut hormones that induce satiety. Significant research has gone into producing versions of these hormones that can be delivered therapeutically to treat obesity. This review looks at the role of gut hormones in obesity, and the development of gut hormone-derived obesity treatments.
贝利斯和斯塔林首次提出“激素”一词是指促胰液素，他们发现这种物质由肠道产生，但释放到血流中后会作用于远处。如今，肠道被认为是人体最大的内分泌器官，它能产生多种具有广泛功能的激素。这些功能包括控制食欲和能量平衡。肥胖是当今世界面临的最大健康威胁之一。目前，唯一成功的治疗方法是手术。诸如胃旁路手术之类的减肥手术通过提升能产生饱腹感的肠道激素来发挥作用。人们已经进行了大量研究来生产这些激素的变体，以便能通过治疗性给药来治疗肥胖症。这篇综述探讨了肠道激素在肥胖症中的作用以及基于肠道激素的肥胖症治疗方法的发展。
