Ekasari Julie, Hanif Azhar Muhammad, Surawidjaja Enang H, Nuryati Sri, De Schryver Peter, Bossier Peter
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia; Laboratory of Aquaculture and Artemia Reference Center, Ghent University, Belgium.
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2014 Dec;41(2):332-9. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.09.004. Epub 2014 Sep 16.
The objective of this study was to document the immunological effects of growing shrimp in biofloc systems. The experiment consisted of four types of biofloc systems in which bioflocs were produced by daily supplementation of four different carbon sources, i.e. molasses, tapioca, tapioca-by-product, and rice bran, at an estimated C/N ratio of 15 and a control system without any organic carbon addition. Each biofloc system was stocked with Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) juveniles that were reared for 49 days. The use of tapioca-by-product resulted in a higher survival (93%) of the shrimp as compared to the other carbon sources and the control. The highest yield and protein assimilation was observed when tapioca was used as the carbon source. After 49 days, phenoloxidase (PO) activity of the shrimp grown in all biofloc systems was higher than that of the shrimp from the control system. Following a challenge test by injection with infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV), the levels of PO and respiratory burst (RB) activity in the shrimp of all biofloc treatments were higher than that of the challenged shrimp from the control treatment. An increased immunity was also suggested by the survival of the challenged shrimp from the experimental biofloc groups that was significantly higher as compared to the challenged shrimp from the control treatment, regardless of the organic carbon source used to grow the bioflocs. Overall, this study demonstrated that the application of biofloc technology may contribute to the robustness of cultured shrimp by immunostimulation and that this effect is independent of the type of carbon source used to grow the flocs.
本研究的目的是记录在生物絮团系统中养殖虾的免疫效应。实验包括四种生物絮团系统，通过每日添加四种不同碳源（即糖蜜、木薯、木薯副产品和米糠）以估计15的碳氮比来产生生物絮团，以及一个不添加任何有机碳的对照系统。每个生物絮团系统均放养了凡纳滨对虾幼体，并养殖49天。与其他碳源和对照相比，使用木薯副产品使虾的存活率更高（93%）。当使用木薯作为碳源时，观察到最高的产量和蛋白质同化率。49天后，在所有生物絮团系统中养殖的虾的酚氧化酶（PO）活性高于对照系统中的虾。在用传染性肌坏死病毒（IMNV）注射进行攻毒试验后，所有生物絮团处理组的虾的PO水平和呼吸爆发（RB）活性均高于对照处理组中攻毒的虾。实验生物絮团组中攻毒虾的存活率也表明免疫力有所提高，与对照处理组中攻毒的虾相比显著更高，无论用于培养生物絮团的有机碳源是什么。总体而言，本研究表明生物絮团技术的应用可能通过免疫刺激提高养殖虾的健壮性，并且这种效果与用于培养絮团的碳源类型无关。
