Nóbrega Lorena Marques, Cavalcante Gigliana M S, Lima Monalyza M S M, Madruga Renata C R, Ramos-Jorge Maria Letícia, d'Avila Sérgio
State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Campina Grande, PB, Brazil.
Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Am J Emerg Med. 2014 Nov;32(11):1382-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2014.08.054. Epub 2014 Aug 27.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of facial trauma among victims of road traffic accidents and investigate factors associated with it.
A cross-sectional study was carried out using the medical and dental charts of 2570 victims of road traffic accidents with bodily and/or facial injuries between 2008 and 2011. Sociodemographic variables of the victims and characteristics of the accidents and injuries were evaluated. Statistical analyses included the χ(2) test as well as the Poisson univariate and multivariate regression analyses for the determination of the final hierarchical model.
The prevalence of facial injuries was 16.4%. Most of the victims were male. Among the victims with facial injuries, 44.3% had polytrauma to the face. The prevalence of facial injuries was high among accidents that occurred at night (Prevalence Ratio (PR), 1.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-1.84; P = .007) and victims up to 9 years of age (PR, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.03-5.17; P = .041). Moreover, the prevalence of facial injuries was lower among victims of motorcycle accidents than victims of automobile accidents (PR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.44-0.89; P = .001).
The prevalence of facial injuries was high in this study and was significantly associated with the place of residence, time of day, age group, and type of accident.
本研究旨在确定道路交通事故受害者面部创伤的患病率，并调查与之相关的因素。
采用横断面研究方法，使用2008年至2011年间2570例有身体和/或面部损伤的道路交通事故受害者的医学和牙科图表。评估了受害者的社会人口统计学变量以及事故和损伤的特征。统计分析包括χ²检验以及用于确定最终分层模型的泊松单变量和多变量回归分析。
面部损伤的患病率为16.4%。大多数受害者为男性。在面部受伤的受害者中，44.3%面部多处受伤。夜间发生的事故（患病率比（PR），1.42；95%置信区间[CI]，1.10 - 1.84；P = 0.007）以及9岁及以下的受害者（PR，2.31；95% CI，1.03 - 5.17；P = 0.041）面部损伤的患病率较高。此外，摩托车事故受害者面部损伤的患病率低于汽车事故受害者（PR，0.59；95% CI，0.44 - 0.89；P = 0.001）。
本研究中面部损伤的患病率较高，且与居住地、一天中的时间、年龄组和事故类型显著相关。
