Pant Mukund, Shrestha Gauri Shankar, Joshi Niraj Dev
BP Koirala Lions Centre for Ophthalmic Studies, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University , Maharajgunj, Kathmandu , Nepal.
Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2014 Dec;21(6):356-61. doi: 10.3109/09286586.2014.964035. Epub 2014 Sep 17.
Prevalence of ocular morbidity among street children is largely unknown. The present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of ocular morbidity among street children in the Kathmandu Valley.
A cross-sectional study consisting of an eye examination program among 569 street children aged younger than 18 years was conducted from March 2013 to February 2014. Children were included from 11 safe houses of 6 non-governmental organizations and an independent eye camp. Eye examination included visual acuity testing, anterior segment and posterior segment examination, retinoscopy and refraction, cover test, convergence, accommodation and color vision tests. Chi-square test was used to analyze the association of ocular morbidity with age, sex and living conditions.
The majority of children (43.8%) were in the age group of 12-15 years, and the male to female ratio was 3.9:1. Uncorrected and best-corrected visual acuity ≥6/9 in at least one eye was found in 89.8% and 98.4% of children, respectively. Total ocular morbidity was observed at 31.6%. The most common types of ocular morbidity were conjunctivitis (11.0%) and refractive error (11.6%). Ocular morbidity was more common in children over 15 years of age (40.9%; p < 0.01; odds ratio 1.8).
Ocular infection and refractive error represent the most common ocular morbidities in street children in the Kathmandu Valley.
街头儿童眼部疾病的患病率很大程度上未知。本研究旨在确定加德满都谷地街头儿童眼部疾病的患病率。
2013年3月至2014年2月对569名18岁以下的街头儿童进行了一项横断面研究，该研究包括眼部检查项目。儿童来自6个非政府组织的11个庇护所和一个独立的眼科营地。眼部检查包括视力测试、眼前段和眼后段检查、检影验光、遮盖试验、集合、调节和色觉测试。采用卡方检验分析眼部疾病与年龄、性别和生活条件之间的关联。
大多数儿童（43.8%）年龄在12 - 15岁之间，男女比例为3.9:1。分别有89.8%和98.4%的儿童至少一只眼睛的未矫正视力和最佳矫正视力≥6/9。观察到眼部疾病的总患病率为31.6%。最常见的眼部疾病类型是结膜炎（11.0%）和屈光不正（11.6%）。15岁以上儿童的眼部疾病更为常见（40.9%；p < 0.01；优势比1.8）。
眼部感染和屈光不正代表加德满都谷地街头儿童中最常见的眼部疾病。
