Lemieux George A, Ashrafi Kaveh
Department of Physiology, University of California , San Francisco, CA , USA.
Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol. 2015 Jan-Feb;50(1):69-84. doi: 10.3109/10409238.2014.959890. Epub 2014 Sep 17.
C. elegans provides a genetically tractable system for deciphering the homeostatic mechanisms that underlie fat regulation in intact organisms. Here, we provide an overview of the recent advances in the C. elegans fat field with particular attention to studies of C. elegans lipid droplets, the complex links between lipases, autophagy, and lifespan, and analyses of key transcriptional regulatory mechanisms that coordinate lipid homeostasis. These studies demonstrate the ancient origins of mammalian and C. elegans fat regulatory pathways and highlight how C. elegans is being used to identify and analyze novel lipid pathways that are then shown to function similarly in mammals. Despite its many advantages, study of fat regulation in C. elegans is currently faced with a number of conceptual and methodological challenges. We critically evaluate some of the assumptions in the field and highlight issues that we believe should be taken into consideration when interpreting lipid content data in C. elegans.
秀丽隐杆线虫为破译完整生物体中脂肪调节背后的稳态机制提供了一个基因易处理的系统。在这里，我们概述了秀丽隐杆线虫脂肪领域的最新进展，特别关注秀丽隐杆线虫脂滴的研究、脂肪酶、自噬和寿命之间的复杂联系，以及协调脂质稳态的关键转录调控机制的分析。这些研究证明了哺乳动物和秀丽隐杆线虫脂肪调节途径的古老起源，并强调了秀丽隐杆线虫如何被用于识别和分析新的脂质途径，这些途径随后被证明在哺乳动物中具有类似的功能。尽管有许多优点，但秀丽隐杆线虫脂肪调节的研究目前面临一些概念和方法上的挑战。我们批判性地评估了该领域的一些假设，并强调了我们认为在解释秀丽隐杆线虫脂质含量数据时应考虑的问题。
