Portzky Gwendolyn, van Heeringen Kees, Vervaet Myriam
<location>Unit for Suicide Research, Ghent University, Belgium</location> <location>Centre for Eating Disorders, University Hospital Ghent, Belgium</location>
<location>Unit for Suicide Research, Ghent University, Belgium</location> <location>Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium</location>
Crisis. 2014;35(6):378-87. doi: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000275.
Suicide is a major cause of mortality for patients with eating disorders (ED), especially for patients with anorexia nervosa. Attempted suicide is also relatively common in patients with anorexia or bulimia nervosa.
This study aimed at examining associations between attempted suicide and trait- and state-dependent characteristics in a large clinical population of ED patients.
The sample consisted of 1,436 in- and outpatients of the Centre for Eating Disorders of the Ghent University Hospital. Measures of ED symptoms, psychopathology, and personality traits were compared between ED patients with and ED patients without a history of attempted suicide.
A history of attempted suicide was found in 11.8% of the ED patients and lifetime suicidal ideation was reported by 43.3%. Multivariate analyses showed that a history of attempted suicide was associated with higher scores on depression, purging symptomatology, early-developed cognitive schemes (impaired autonomy and increased inhibition), and social insecurity.
These findings support the increased risk of suicidal behavior in ED. The presence of particular personality traits, of cognitive schemes, and of purging and depressive symptoms should increase vigilance for suicidal behavior.
自杀是饮食失调（ED）患者死亡的主要原因，尤其是神经性厌食症患者。自杀未遂在神经性厌食症或神经性贪食症患者中也相对常见。
本研究旨在调查大量临床ED患者中自杀未遂与特质及状态相关特征之间的关联。
样本包括根特大学医院饮食失调中心的1436名门诊和住院患者。对有和没有自杀未遂史的ED患者的ED症状、精神病理学和人格特质测量进行了比较。
11.8%的ED患者有自杀未遂史，43.3%的患者报告有终生自杀意念。多变量分析表明，自杀未遂史与抑郁、清除症状、早期形成的认知模式（自主性受损和抑制增加）以及社会不安全感得分较高有关。
这些发现支持了ED患者自杀行为风险增加的观点。特定人格特质、认知模式以及清除和抑郁症状的存在应提高对自杀行为的警惕性。
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